To drive a vehicle, you must obtain a license. They are divided into several categories. Standard A, B, C and D are familiar to most car owners. However, in 2013 it was decided to introduce category M.
Category M on a driver's license gives the right to drive a moped and ATV. The limit is set by engine volume (less than 50 cubic meters). However, the innovation raised a number of questions. In particular, motorists do not understand when it is necessary to obtain such a certificate.
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Category M rights - what is it?
The list of categories of rights in force in the Russian Federation is enshrined in Article 25 of Federal Law No. 196 of December 10, 1995 “On Road Safety”. Previously, moped owners could drive without a license. However, the constant violation of traffic rules and numerous accidents that occurred due to the fault of persons who did not receive permission to drive demonstrated the need to tighten the legislation.
Budget motorcycles are inexpensive. The lack of requirement to obtain a driver's license has led to a large number of inexperienced people driving mopeds and scooters. By driving along the highway, vehicle owners endangered their lives and the safety of other road users.
Innovations have led to stricter control over traffic safety. As a result of adding category M to the driver's license, the lives and health of a large number of people were saved. Today, owners of even small mopeds must obtain a driver's license with category M. A representative of the State Traffic Inspectorate has the right to stop a citizen and check the license.
A category M license allows you to legally drive motor vehicles with an engine capacity of up to 50 cubic meters. However, if a person has a different category of certificate, he will not have to undergo separate training. In this situation, category M is considered open by default.
ATVs and scooters: what drivers need to know and what equipment to choose
As you know, an ATV is designed for off-road driving and is considered an excellent means for active pastime in the warm season. You can also travel on a scooter - both around the city and outside the city. Five years ago, no special driver's license was required to drive these vehicles. Teenagers could ride a scooter or ATV without a license, which led to numerous accidents. Therefore, in 2013, rules for issuing driver’s licenses for driving motor vehicles were introduced. Read about how to get a license for a scooter and ATV, at what age you are allowed to drive a motorcycle, and what safety measures you need to follow in the material from the mosreg.ru portal.
"GAZ Group" - about the created electric bus and Moscow region trends in urban transport. Interview>> License to drive an ATV
Motorized vehicles are full participants in the road traffic, therefore quite stringent requirements are imposed on drivers of scooters and ATVs. An ATV driver who decides to ride this vehicle should know that this is only allowed if you are 16 years old or older. Teenagers under 16 years of age are not allowed to ride motorcycles. According to Art. 4 of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 12, 1999 No. 796, to drive an ATV you need a license of category “A” (tractor driver’s license (tractor driver)). The procedure for obtaining a license is no different from obtaining a license to drive a car: - you must undergo training (theoretical and practical part), - pass an exam, - obtain a medical report, - pay a state fee. For driving an ATV without a driver's license, administrative liability is imposed (Part 1 of Article 12.7 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation) in the form of a fine in the amount of 5 to 15 thousand rubles. After purchasing an ATV, if you have a self-propelled vehicle passport (PSM), you need to register it with Gostekhnadzor, or with the traffic police - if the vehicle has a title.
How to get a tractor driver's license in the Moscow region>> Rules for riding an ATV
When you first get behind the wheel of an ATV, you need to try not to reach a speed higher than 40 km per hour. Riding at higher speeds or when riding over rough terrain requires mastering the three basic stances an ATV rider can assume. Due to their high center of gravity, ATVs are prone to overturning, and while standing at the wheel, the driver automatically lowers the center of gravity, which significantly reduces the risk of being crushed under the vehicle. The main racks include: middle, front and rear. The middle stance is used when moving in a straight line. You need to bend your legs slightly at the knees, relax your back and arms, spread your arms to the side. The front stance is used when accelerating, going uphill, and also to load the front wheels. Finally, the rear rack must be positioned when braking when descending a mountain, and in order to load the rear axle when slipping in the mud. In addition, when making a sharp turn, you need to deviate to the outside, that is, the opposite side to which the turn is taking place - in preparation for the turn, you need to move your entire body towards the turn, and not just your head and shoulders, as inexperienced racers do. You need to pick up speed before climbing in advance. If you start accelerating already on the climb, there is a danger of turning over on your back. You should climb the hill with medium throttle and always in the extreme forward stance. Where to ride an ATV in the Moscow region There are several good places in the Moscow region where you can ride an ATV. Thus, in the Ruza urban district there is a Katayu4x4 school, where you can learn driving skills on the tracks for both beginners and confident racers. The TV-Land club is located in the Serpukhov district. Nearby is the Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Reserve, and around there is a variety of natural landscapes, which gives a wide choice of routes. More than 300 km of routes laid through fields, forests, meadows and off-road terrain, where you can master programs for both beginners and experienced ATV riders, and a survival school. The quad base in the Krasnogorsk urban district offers double ATVs and full equipment: comfortable helmets of various sizes with a liner, protective suits, disposable socks, dry and comfortable shoes.
Where to ride hot air balloons in the Moscow region: aeronautics clubs>> License to drive a scooter You are also not allowed to drive a scooter until you are 16 years old. Depending on the engine size of a moped or scooter, a driver's license with the appropriate category is required. Thus, a motor vehicle with a volume of up to 50 cubic meters. cm is a light moped with category “M”; with a volume from 50 to 125 cubic meters. cm - “A1”; with a volume of 125 cc. cm - "A2". The “M” category includes mopeds and scooters with an engine capacity of up to 50 cc. see. Thus, for those who decide to drive a scooter, a tractor driver’s license is not suitable. To undergo training and pass the exam, you can contact any driving school in the city. Driving a scooter without a driver's license is also punishable by a fine of 5 to 15 thousand rubles. Rules for riding a scooter When driving a scooter, you must follow the traffic rules and maintain the motor vehicle in a timely manner. It is necessary: - always turn on the headlight (do not forget to change burnt out bulbs); - use turn signals; — on a cloudy day (with poor visibility) or at night, it is better to wear a vest with reflectors. It is also mandatory to have a motorcycle helmet for both driver and passenger. For the absence of a helmet, a fine of 1 thousand rubles is provided (Article 12.6 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation). According to the Traffic Rules, moped drivers must move along the right edge of the roadway in one row or in a lane for cyclists. Moped drivers are allowed to move along the side of the road if this does not interfere with pedestrians. You cannot turn left or make a U-turn on roads with tram traffic and on roads that have more than one lane for traffic in a given direction. It is also forbidden to cross the road at pedestrian crossings. You cannot transport cargo that protrudes more than 0.5 m in length or width beyond the dimensions of the motor vehicle. It is prohibited to transport passengers if this is not provided for by the design of the vehicle (clause 24.8 of the traffic rules). It is also necessary to always maintain the vehicle: regularly inflate tires, change crankcase/transmission oil, variator belt/rollers, check the battery, clean the carburetor. How to equip yourself Before you get behind the wheel of a motor vehicle, you need to take care of basic safety, and for those who decide to ride it regularly, choose the most important element of protection when driving an ATV or scooter - a helmet. Motorcycle helmets are divided according to the shell design: - “integral” - the most common helmet, providing a high level of protection, made of heavy-duty materials, and has good aerodynamic properties; - “modular” - similar to the integral, but its front part is completely raised and this makes it possible not to remove the helmet if necessary; - An open-face helmet is a good option for scooters as it provides moderate protection. Not suitable for high speeds. To protect your eyes, you need to wear goggles. To protect the spine, ribs, back, and shoulders, equipment manufacturers came up with a suit called a “turtle.” This is a hard shell that is made in different versions - from a basic sleeveless vest to models with sleeves and elbow pads, sometimes with neck protection. You will also need special shoes - motorcycle boots, as well as trousers or shorts with enhanced pelvic protection, knee pads, and gloves.
Aeroclubs of the Moscow region. Infographics>> Alisa Irisova
What vehicles can be driven with category M?
Having received a category M license, a person becomes a full-fledged participant in traffic. All norms of current legislation apply in its respect. However, there is no need to apply for compulsory motor liability insurance for category M vehicles. Article 4 of Federal Law No. 40 states that the obligation to insurance does not apply to vehicles to which the legislation on the admission of vehicles to participation in road traffic does not apply.
It follows from Article 15 of the Federal Law “On Road Traffic Safety” that if a car does not require registration, the rules on admission do not apply to it. Paragraph 1 of Order N399 of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia states that it is not necessary to carry out the above procedure in relation to vehicles with an engine capacity of less than 50 cubic meters. It turns out that you do not need to purchase compulsory motor insurance.
Category M license in accordance with Article 25 of Federal Law N196 allows you to drive the following vehicles:
- light quadricycles;
- mopeds;
- scooters.
Engine volume should not exceed 50 cubic centimeters. If the indicator is higher, you will need to obtain a category A license.
If the vehicle owned by a citizen fits the above description, you will need to acquire a category M license to drive.
Quadcycles and ATVs - what's the difference?
All license holders with the “M” category did not rejoice at their happiness for long when they learned that full-fledged off-road vehicles with a small engine capacity are not included in this category. This means that he is prohibited by law from driving it.
Note! To drive an ATV you need a driving license category that allows you to drive a tractor! And it is designated as “A1”.
Let's explain what the difference is:
- the quadricycle's seats are similar to car seats and they are located at right angles;
- the design feature of the quadricycle is the roof (and even in some cases it is missing);
- all 3 pedals (clutch, brake and gas) are located in the lower part of the cabin;
- in ATVs there is a steering wheel, and in ATVs there is a steering wheel, like on motorcycles.
Category M rights with category B
In accordance with Article 25 of Federal Law No. 196, a person who has received category B has the right to drive cars whose weight reaches 3.5 tons. In this case, there cannot be more than 8 passenger seats in the car. If a person has received the above category, he has the right to drive a scooter without additionally opening category M. This rule is reflected in paragraph 7 of Article 25 of Federal Law No. 196 of December 10, 1995.
Category M does not always automatically open if you have category B and higher. Individuals may have contraindications to driving vehicles of this type. In this case, during the medical examination, a corresponding mark is made.
Subcategory C1
subcategory “C1” - cars, with the exception of cars of category “D”, the permissible maximum weight of which exceeds 3500 kilograms, but does not exceed 7500 kilograms; cars of subcategory “C1” coupled to a trailer, the permissible maximum weight of which does not exceed 750 kilograms;
Subcategory C1 includes medium-sized trucks, the permissible maximum weight of which is in the range from 3.5 to 7.5 tons.
This subcategory also allows you to transport a light trailer (up to 750 kg).
Drivers with main category C can also drive vehicles of subcategory C1.
C1E
subcategory “C1E” - cars of subcategory “C1” coupled to a trailer, the permissible maximum weight of which exceeds 750 kilograms, but does not exceed the weight of the vehicle without load, provided that the total permissible maximum weight of such a combination of vehicles does not exceed 12,000 kilograms;
There is also an additional subcategory C1E, which allows you to drive cars of subcategory C1 with heavy (more than 750 kg) trailers. In this case, the total permitted maximum weight of the truck and trailer must not exceed 12 tons.
Drivers with a senior CE category can also drive vehicles of subcategory C1E.
The difference between category M and A
In addition to category M, you can get A and A1 rights. The difference between category M and A; A1 follows from the provisions of Articles 25-26 of Federal Law No. 196. The main difference is the engine size. The person will be required to obtain a driver's license of the following category:
- M. If you will be driving light quadricycles and mopeds whose engine capacity does not exceed 50 cubic meters. Persons over 16 years of age can obtain a license.
- A1. Provides access to control light motorcycles with an engine capacity of up to 125 cc. Persons aged 16 years are allowed to drive.
- A. Applies to classic motorcycles. They can be equipped with a side stroller. Vehicles are available for driving after reaching 18 years of age.
The new category M driver's license has filled an empty niche that was previously not regulated in any way. The need to carry out the process arose due to technological progress and the improvement of modern motor vehicles. Now, when going out on the road, moped owners are required to comply with all required norms of current legislation.
Subcategory D1
subcategory “D1” - cars intended for the transport of passengers and having more than eight, but not more than sixteen seats, in addition to the driver’s seat; cars of subcategory “D1” coupled to a trailer, the permissible maximum weight of which does not exceed 750 kilograms;
Subcategory D1 allows the driver to drive small buses with 9 to 16 seats. This category also allows the use of a light trailer weighing up to 750 kg.
This category includes small minibuses, for example RAF-2203 or GAZelle-3221, which were previously widely used as minibuses. Currently, minibuses of foreign brands are widespread, which have more than 16 seats, and for which subcategory D1 is not enough to drive.
D1E
Subcategory D1E is intended for driving small buses with heavy trailers:
subcategory “D1E” - cars of subcategory “D1” coupled to a trailer that is not intended for the carriage of passengers, the permissible maximum weight of which exceeds 750 kilograms, but does not exceed the weight of the vehicle without load, provided that the total permissible maximum weight of such a combination of vehicles does not exceed 12,000 kilograms.
Please note that the trailer, firstly, should not be designed to transport passengers, and secondly, the total permissible maximum weight of the bus and trailer should not exceed 12 tons.
I note that drivers with category D can drive buses of subcategory D1, and drivers with category DE can drive buses with trailers of subcategory D1E.
Requirements for obtaining category M
The requirements that persons wishing to obtain category M licenses must meet are reflected in Article 26 of Federal Law No. 196 of December 10, 1995 “On Road Safety”. The regulatory legal act states that persons who have reached the age of sixteen and have received an appropriate medical certificate stating that there are no contraindications to driving motor vehicles are allowed to take the exams.
Additionally, you need to undergo vocational training. The program is available in driving schools. A person will be allowed to take exams in 1-2.5 months - this is how long training for category M lasts.
Features of obtaining and passing the exam
To obtain a category M license, you must demonstrate the following knowledge in the exam:
- Traffic Laws.
- Safety precautions for category M transport management.
- Ways to communicate while driving.
- Responsibility for driving a moped without permission.
You also need to demonstrate the ability to operate a scooter, as well as knowledge of vehicle maintenance in the event of a breakdown during a trip.
The theoretical part is taken using a computer. The maximum allowed number of errors is 2. After passing the theory, the candidate takes the practical part at the motor vehicle site.
He must perform the following maneuvers under the supervision of instructors:
- Driving along a corridor of installed cones, accelerating, stopping and turning around.
- Snake maneuvering.
- Driving along the “rut board”.
- Low speed ride - drive 10 meters in more than 5 seconds without touching the ground with your feet.
- Travel along the "eight" route.
The theoretical part of the exam is taken using a computer.
Normative base
The need to obtain a license to drive a moped and scooter arose in the Russian Federation on November 5, 2013. On this day, amendments were made to Federal Law No. 196. It is recommended to pay special attention to the following articles:
- Article 25. Basic provisions regarding admission to driving vehicles.
- Article 26. Defines the basic conditions for obtaining rights.
- Article 28. Grounds for termination or suspension of the right to drive a car.
The new category was designated by the letter M. If a person does not comply with the order and drives a moped or scooter without a license, he will be held accountable. Punishment for driving without a driver's license is imposed in accordance with Article 12.29 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. The person will have to pay a fine to the traffic police.
Price issue
Everything here is individual. There are several factors that significantly influence the final tuition amount.
- Region – studying in a large city will cost an order of magnitude more than in a small provincial town.
- Educational institution - the more regalia a school has, the more expensive the services of its teachers.
- Medical institution where the certificate was received.
The only “fixed” figure is the state fee for obtaining a license. It is the same for all regions and does not depend on the skill of teachers.
Cost of training for license category M
Tuition fees can vary significantly depending on a number of factors. The price includes theory and practice, as well as subsequent support at the traffic police. A person has the right to receive additional hours of training. Three main price categories:
- 7000-10000 rub. Allows the driver to receive only theoretical training. The duration of the course varies from 1 to 2 months. All additional services are paid separately.
- 16000-26000 rub. The student will be able to receive theoretical and practical training. Additional services are not included in the price. The duration of the course is 1.5-3 months.
- 24000-30000 rub. This is the price for extended training for category M. Practical and theoretical courses are provided. The school has its own exam. They help a person prepare for certification in the traffic police. They accompany you until you get your license. The need to pay state fees and a medical commission disappears.
Cost may vary depending on region. You can find out the exact price by contacting the educational institution directly.
How much will the training cost?
It is difficult for us to give exact numbers. Since each school sets its own prices, and they can vary greatly within different regions. And driving schools themselves, which separately teach category M, are actually not as common as we would like. So first you have to find out if there is such a thing in your home city/area.
The costs of state duty and medical examination should be taken into account separately!
On average, prices can range from 7 to 34 thousand rubles. It is worth noting that:
- The theoretical course will cost the least. It will cost around 7 to 12 thousand rubles
- Theory + practice, of course, will cost more. This is already from 13 to more than 20 thousand rubles
- Theory + practice + additional services. Some schools offer preparation for passing an exam, etc. But this can already cost 25-34 thousand rubles
In general, you should not choose driving schools that offer too high or low prices. As practice shows, neither one nor the other is of very good quality. It is better to choose the middle option, which is more reliable. It’s even better to collect as much information as possible about the driving school you are interested in in advance.
Required documents to obtain category M
Article 26 of the Road Safety Law states that only students who:
- have reached a certain age;
- completed vocational training;
- have no contraindications for health reasons.
All the above facts must be confirmed. Therefore, a person is obliged to provide documentation at the stage of admission to a driving school. Citizens who have reached the age of 16 can obtain a license to drive light motorcycles. To enroll in a driving school you will need:
- completed application;
- copy of TIN;
- copy of ID;
- medical certificate;
- photos.
If a minor wants to undergo training, he must provide permission from his parents. A copy of the ID must contain pages one and two, as well as a registration sheet. Color photographs are required. The corners in the image are not needed. It is recommended to take matte photographs. The application is completed manually. It is provided directly at the institution.
After completing the training, you will have to submit papers to pass the exam at the traffic police. You will need:
- a document confirming payment of the state duty;
- completed application;
- medical certificate;
- driving school certificate.
What will happen next?
Every year, debates about electric transport are gaining momentum. Pedestrians believe that electric scooter rights will not solve the problem, as is the case with cars. The public reacts especially sharply after road accidents, which, at such speeds of electric transport, can even lead to death. In such cases, traffic police officers are constantly called, which led to the actualization of this issue and the adoption of a number of amendments to the traffic rules. Previously, law enforcement officials could only throw up their hands and call the police to resolve the issue.
Meanwhile, electric scooters are in increasing demand. Many deputies supported the initiative to create special paths and parking lots, which will only complement the new rules and make the movement of electric vehicles safer for the public.
How to get category M?
Having decided to obtain a category M license, a citizen must make sure that he meets the requirements. If the applicant satisfies them, you can proceed directly to the implementation of your plans. To do this you need:
- Select a driving school that offers the appropriate program and submit an application.
- Wait for enrollment in the course, pay for tuition and complete theoretical and practical classes.
- Pass the internal exam and provide the necessary documentation package to the traffic police. You will need to undergo a medical examination.
- A representative of the authorized body will set the day of the exam. It is necessary to visit the venue without delay and complete the assigned tasks. Usually the exam consists of theory and practice.
- Find out the final result. If it is positive, the citizen will be granted rights.
How long does driving school last?
The full course of study is divided into theory and practice. According to the law, it takes 2.5 months to fully prepare for the exam.
- You will have to spend at least 108 hours on theoretical classes. The traffic rules are the same for everyone. Therefore, I will explain to you, as well as to future motorists, the categories of road signs and how to read each of them correctly. They will also talk about the operation of traffic lights and the rules of first aid on the roads. By the way, the “Medicine” section is often explained by a real doctor working in emergency ambulances. Usually, no more than 4 hours are allocated for such classes. In addition, together with the teacher, you decide on the tickets that will appear in the exam. As you study, they will explain to you in detail what kind of ticket it is and how it is solved. That is, from you, in an amicable way, all that is required is presence and normal memory.
- You will conduct practical training at the race track. On average, 18 hours are allotted for driving. It all depends on the driving school where you will study. The instructor will teach you how to perform the following exercises: “Overall corridor”, “Overall semicircle”, “Acceleration - braking”. In other words, you will need to start in first gear at the starting gate. Then drive in a straight line, reach the control post, signal for a left turn by extending your left hand up, and, having passed the counter, lower your hand. Similarly, you will need to make a semicircle, switch speeds from low to high and stop at the finish line by giving a signal.
Also used are the exercises “Snake” (drive like a snake, going around the marking cones), “Rut board” (drive straight along the rut board), “Move at low speed” (everything is clear here) and “Overall eight” (first drive in a straight line in the overall corridor, then along the figure eight trajectory and return to the finish). The same tasks will be completed in the exam.
Be careful. Since the instructor does not sit next to you, but watches your movement while standing on the road, he sees very well any slightest errors.
Also read: Duration and cost of training in a driving school
Theoretical exam in the traffic police
Applicants for category M licenses must pass a theoretical and practical exam. They are carried out only if there is a medical certificate confirming the presence of permission to operate a high-risk vehicle. During the theoretical exam at the traffic police the following is checked:
- knowledge of traffic rules;
- mastering the provisions relating to the admission of a vehicle to operation;
- understanding of possible liability for non-compliance with traffic rules;
- knowledge of first aid.
The theoretical exam is conducted in the form of testing. You have 20 minutes to answer. One ticket contains 20 questions. The examinee is given several answer options. He must choose the right one. When the specified period of time is completed, the exam ends. When the submission is completed, the result will be displayed on the computer screen. If the correct answers are given to at least 18 questions, the person is considered to have passed the exam.
Obtaining rights: specifics
To obtain a motorcycle license, you do not have to take the traditional city exam for obtaining any other license. In the case of a motorcycle, traffic police inspectors are limited to checking theoretical knowledge of traffic rules. Testing of practical skills takes place in special training grounds and sites.
Until the newly minted motorcyclist passes the theoretical course, he will not be allowed to take practical tests. In case of failure, retaking the theory is allowed after 2 weeks.
Some schools refuse to enroll in motorcycle riding courses in the winter. This is due to the complexity of road conditions. It is difficult to teach an inexperienced driver all the subtleties of driving on slippery roads.
Documents of the future driver
Until the applicant submits a full package of documents, he simply will not be allowed to study.
- Copy of the passport.
- Certificate with a conclusion from the medical board.
- 2 photos 3x4.
- Statement.
- A document confirming the fact of successful training in a motorcycle school.
- Payment for payment of state duty.
- Consent from parents - if the future motorcyclist is under 18 years of age.
Procedure for obtaining a driver's license
This procedure also has its own course of events.
- Checking the authenticity of each piece of paper - rest assured, the chance with false documents will definitely not work here;
- The applicant for a license receives access to testing;
- The first stage of exams is theory;
- The second stage is practice at a special training ground;
- Obtaining a driver's license.
Passing exams: step by step
The exam is divided into two independent blocks: theoretical and practical. The first involves testing the theoretical framework and rules. The second is aimed at identifying practical skills and abilities.
The theoretical part is taken entirely computer-based. During the test for knowledge of traffic rules, the test taker answers 20 questions. Ideally, the number of errors is zero.
20 minutes of time are allotted for the test - one minute per question. If one mistake is made, another 5 minutes are added to the time. During these minutes you need to answer an additional 5 questions from the block where the mistake was made.
If you make mistakes on 2 questions, 10 minutes and 10 questions are added to the time. If you miss 3 questions, the examinee is sent to retake.
The practical side of the exam takes place in the fresh air - at the training ground. Here everything is like at school, for a mistake - a minus to the final mark. It is enough to score 4 penalty points to be considered for a retake.
Minus 1 point for:
- a warning signal not given by hand about planned braking;
- late braking before the stop line;
- low beam lights not turned on.
Minus 3 points for:
- stalled engine at the beginning of the exam;
- untimely switching from upshift to downshift, and vice versa;
- ignoring neutral gear when the motorcycle stops for a long time;
- untimely warning of turns.
Minus 5 points for:
- arrival and crossing of the stop line;
- touching the ground with your foot;
- hitting a barrier sign;
- ignoring the left turn signal;
- significant shortfall to the stop line.
Upon successful completion of all tests, the student moves to the “driver” category. Now all that remains is to obtain the long-awaited license of the appropriate category.
The validity period for a motorcycle license is the same as for a car license – 10 years.
Practical exam for category M
Then a practical exam is conducted at the traffic police to obtain category M. During it, the ability to move away, maneuver, and use rear-view mirrors is assessed. Other knowledge that a person must have to use a vehicle is also checked. The whole set of exercises consists of 3 parts. If a person has completed all of them, he is considered to have passed the exam. Persons who have not completed the exercises are sent to retake.
The test does not involve driving in the city. The test is taken after a person has completed training at a licensed driving school. Self-preparation is unacceptable. A category M driver's license is issued only after a person has successfully passed all tests.
Motorcycle license: is it possible to do without them?
The law is adamant. If you are not going to sit behind the wheel of a bicycle forever, but plan to at least occasionally get behind the wheel of at least a moped, a license is required. And this is not a whim of traffic police inspectors and motorcycle schools who want to “extract” more money from you.
A qualified driver who has undergone training clearly knows how to behave in a given traffic situation. While the “disenfranchised” driver only guesses about the correctness of his behavior on the road. And it’s good if such driving only ends with a fine and confiscation of the two-wheeled horse.
Don’t even hope that the weak engine of your scooter will be a mitigating circumstance when meeting with traffic police officers. No one has canceled age restrictions either.
But owners of motocross motorcycles can breathe easy. They do not face fines or confiscation of the vehicle for driving without a license. But as long as they remain on the territory of sports tracks.
The reason for the “indulgence” is simple: a motocross motorcycle belongs to the category of sports equipment. And as long as its owner races on dirt tracks, he does not break any rules.
What do category M licenses look like?
Information on the rights is contained on 2 sides. The front page contains information about the driver. On the back is a decoding of the category of the new type of certificate. Here are the types of vehicles that can be driven.
The upper part of the front side of the document contains the name of the document, as well as information about the territory of which entity it was provided. On the left side there is a photograph. It must be colored. The shooting is carried out without a headdress or glasses. The photo size is 3 by 4. If the driver has vision problems, photographs may be taken with glasses. However, they must not have tinted windows. Photography with a headdress is permissible if the person wears it for religious reasons.
There is a painting under the photo. It must match the details in the passport. On the right is your full name and date of birth. Information is entered in Russian. Dubbed in English. On the right side there is information about the institution that issued the certificate. Then the series and number are recorded. Additionally, the region of residence is reflected. Below are the categories assigned to the driver; category M is also indicated here.
A barcode is recorded on the back side on the left side of the document. It encodes information about the citizen. The rest of the space is taken up by a table with categories. Additionally, the validity period of the category is specified. It is permissible to enter additional information below the table. Usually, the citizen’s driving experience is recorded in this place.
Is it possible to ride an electric scooter without a license?
If a low-power electric scooter is used, a license is not required. It is equivalent to a bicycle and can be used in the same way as this vehicle. Therefore, you first need to familiarize yourself with the technical characteristics of the scooter.
Representatives of the traffic police have already decided on the administrative responsibility for driving without a license. These drivers can expect:
- payment of a fine in the amount of 5 to 15 thousand rubles;
- ban on driving a vehicle for a certain period;
- delivery of the electric scooter to the impound lot.
A traffic police officer can stop any electric scooter for inspection, regardless of what speed and where it was traveling at a particular moment, if this model is equated to a moped. If an accident occurred in a pedestrian area involving a regular electric scooter, the incident is dealt with as a conflict between pedestrians, and not as an accident.
Nuances
It is necessary to undergo a medical examination before a person goes to study at a driving school for category M. The doctor has the right to restrict the person in certain actions or refuse to issue a license due to medical indications. As a result, there is a risk of wasting money. The average cost of an examination is about 2,000-2,500 rubles.
When going out on the road, a person must follow the rules of riding a moped. They are reflected in the traffic rules of the Russian Federation. It is strictly forbidden to drive while intoxicated. Moped drivers are required to move on the right edge of the roadway or bicycle path. It is necessary to avoid trolleybuses and trams.
It is strictly forbidden to hold the steering wheel with one hand, cross the road at pedestrian crossings, transport children without special devices, and also take part in towing. Transporting large protruding objects is also prohibited.
Driver requirements
- The future driver must be healthy; the appropriate certificate is obtained before the start of the training course. It would be a shame to take a course at a motorcycle school and find yourself unfit for health.
When undergoing a medical examination, warn the medical commission about your desire to open the “M” category. If you do not do this, the category will not appear in your rights. You will not be able to drive a moped.
- Reaching a certain age – each category has age parameters;
- Completion of training at a motorcycle school corresponding to the required category.
Categories of driver's licenses that will be opened automatically upon replacement
| Main category | Categories open automatically |
| A | M, A1, B1 (motorcycle type vehicles only) |
| B | M, B1 (except for motorcycle-type vehicles) |
| BE | M |
| C | M, C1 |
| C.E. | M, C1E |
| D | M, D1 |
| A1 | M |
