DIY turn relay circuits. Electronic turn relay printed circuit board and making it yourself

The giving of turn signals is provided for in paragraphs 8.1 and 8.2 of the Rules of the Road. Turn on your turn signals not only before turning and changing lanes, but also before starting to move or before stopping at the edge of the roadway. Failure to comply with these rules can lead to an accident, therefore, a fine is provided for failure to turn on turn signals (Article 12.14 Part 1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation). The driver must monitor the technical condition of the turn signal system. For this, knowledge of its structure will be useful.

Turn relays, both for lamps and LEDs, circuit DIY for cars

It often happens that there is no electromagnetic relay nearby, but there is a need to adjust headlights, turn signal lamps, and the like.
To make this possible, a schematic representation of an electronic relay has been developed that is easy to use, convenient and practically uninterrupted. In most cases, it is possible to see similar circuits that are united by one factor: the use of PWM controllers. Thanks to this, high precision in their operation is achieved. However, let's look at a schematic diagram that replaces an electromagnetic relay, it will be the easiest to use.

The maximum power for the load in the circuit is 150 watts. Its connection occurs in the area of the positive terminal break. If you replace the IRFZ44 series (field key) with the IRF3205, then the ability to connect 200 Watts is achieved.

At first glance, the scheme is simple, but it works quite accurately. In addition, there is no change in the lamp blinking intervals throughout the entire operation. Also, the frequency of its blinking is not related to the power of the lamp itself. This allows you to connect halogen lamps, LED lamps and high-power lamps to the circuit.

The capacitance of the capacitor and the blinking interval of the lamps are directly related. If you increase the capacitance of capacitor C2, then the blinking of the lamp will become infrequent. But if you reduce it, the blinking will speed up. The 1n4148 diode, which has low power, can be replaced with any available diode.

If the circuit reaches 80 watts, a small amount of heat will be generated in the FET area. Now the circuit based on the field effect transistor can be used. It can even be installed in place of the old relay, but its operation will be much more reliable.

And I also want to note one point: if you decide to change your car, I recommend taking a closer look at an official Jaguar dealer. Come in and look at these beauties, price, attractiveness, modernity, this car has always been placed only in the first row.

Causes of malfunctions

Malfunctions of the turn relay are usually associated with a violation of the electromagnetic patency in the relay itself. The cause may be burnt or shorted contacts, swollen capacitors, failure of the electronic circuit, etc. Typically, the cause of relay failure can be identified by the characteristic manifestations of the malfunction.

If the turn signals are constantly on and do not blink, then most likely the cause of the malfunction is a breakdown of the electromagnetic part of the relay. Most often, this is due to shorted contacts due to their burning.
Unusual blinking of the turn signals (too fast or too infrequent) may also be due to the turn signal relay. However, in this case, you can look for the problem in other places. Possible reasons for this behavior of the indicators may lie in oxidation of the lamp socket or base, or a break in the wire going to the lamps. This phenomenon also often occurs after replacing standard incandescent lamps in direction indicators with LEDs. If none of these possible reasons is confirmed, then, most likely, the breakdown still lies in the relay.
Another option for incorrect operation of the turn relay is that the indicator lamps do not light up at all. This phenomenon occurs when the relay contacts burn out. However, this manifestation of a malfunction is also typical for other breakdowns: a blown fuse, an open circuit or a broken turn switch.

Where is the VAZ 2110 turn signal relay located?

Glow plug relay

Dear visitors of the “Cars” website! We will be very grateful for your comments on the video clip “Where is the VAZ 2110 turn relay located?” registration is not required for this. We also ask you to let us know if you have any problems playing the video.

Thank you. helped. Slavuta

Helpful, thanks

I invite you to post your Videos on my channel for Car Enthusiasts. You will have your own thread on the channel. We promote the channel ourselves. The essence of the idea is that 1 master will not recruit 10,000, but 100 masters - easily - accordingly, this is an affiliate program and good money for all channel participants.

did not help.

Like for the video, well-told and shown.

Great video

Thanks, I'll try it on my Golf

Hello, I have the same problem, I bought a relay and installed it. I start the car and the relay clicks, although I did not turn on the turn signals and hazard lights, moreover, all the lights work normally when the turns or hazard lights are turned on. I read that you need to solder something somewhere. but I don’t understand what and where. If you don't understand the question, I'll try to rephrase it or show you a video

Hello, why when I install the barrel relay, both the left and right turns are lit at the same time and neither one nor the other is blinking, but when I install a relay like yours, they light up separately but do not blink?

Which relay with resistance and without resistance is better?

I can ask you a question. why when the engine does not work the relen works normally. when the engine is on, the relay operates in rapid mode

Tell me, how can I increase the blinking frequency by 10 times and what are the resistors and capacitor responsible for?

I installed such a relay on 2101, it works, but does not blink on the dashboard,

On my VAZ 21093i the emergency lights and turn signals are missing, please tell me

Multivibrator system

This is a more modern circuit solution, implemented on semiconductor elements - transistors or microcircuits. The bottom line is that triodes operate in switch mode - they are capable of performing the functions of a switch. There are many disadvantages to systems of this type, but there are also plenty of advantages. Despite the almost equal ratio, they are successfully used in many imported cars. Of course, the “cooler” the car emblem, the more reliable the multivibrator control circuit for the direction indicators.

The parameters of this relay are such that everything depends on the characteristics of the individual elements used in the circuit. So, if the transistor is used with a higher gain than necessary, or its current-voltage characteristic is unstable, the operation of the system will be incorrect - the indicators will either be constantly lit or will not work at all.

Often such symptoms occur when the voltage increases (for example, at 12 V everything works, but at 13 V it doesn’t). You can fix it yourself if you disassemble the case and install resistors with high resistance in the collector and base circuits. An easier solution is to solder a zener diode at the power input, which will maintain the voltage level at one value (for this you need to select the right type of device).

Electronic turn signal relay

Fuses and relays VAZ 2107. Electrical faults

Car electronics

A. BUTOV, p. Kurba Yaroslavl region Radio, 2002, No. 8

The proposed device is intended to replace failed thermal or electronic current interrupters. It is equipped with light and sound alarms and is capable of working with lamps with a total power of up to 90 W. When installing such a design in most domestic cars, minimal changes in electrical wiring will be required. In standby mode, the current consumed by the relay is close to zero.

Electronic relay circuit

When the standard steering direction switch SA1, located, for example, on the steering column, is set to the neutral position, capacitor C1 is charged to the supply voltage. Transistor VT1 is closed, so no supply voltage is supplied to the flashing LED HL1 and the piezoceramic emitter BF1 with a built-in generator.

As soon as the switch is set to the “Left” or “Right” position, capacitor C1 will quickly discharge through the diode VD1 and the connected incandescent lamps of the corresponding turn signal. Transistor VT1 will open, the blinking LED will begin to flash briefly, and the piezoceramic emitter will emit sound signals. Lamps EL1 - EL4 or EL5 - EL8 will flash.

This is why this happens. When the blinking LED flashes, the voltage across it is minimal and the current through it is maximum. The voltage appearing on the emitter causes sound signals, and on the gate of the field-effect transistor VT2 it opens it. As a result, a powerful switch on transistors VT3, VT4 opens, through which supply voltage is supplied to one of the groups of lamps. They light up.

When the blinking LED goes out, there is practically no voltage on the emitter and the gate of the field-effect transistor. The sound signal stops and the transistor turns off. At the same time, a powerful key closes, disconnecting the lamps from the power source

The repetition rate and duty cycle of flashes depend on the parameters of the LED used

Details

Instead of those indicated in the diagram, you can use transistors of the KT3107, KT502, KT361 (VT1) series; KP501A, KP501B (VT2); KT814, KT816, KT837 or their foreign analogues BD234, BD438 with a base current transfer coefficient of at least 80 (VT3); KT818, 2T818 with letter indices AM-GM or foreign analogues 2SA1216, 2SA1302, 2SA1494 (VT4). A composite transistor, say, KT896A, can operate in place of VT4. In any embodiment, this transistor is installed on a heat sink with a total surface area of 50...80 cm2. The diode can be replaced with any of the KD209, KD208, KD105 series. The flashing LED is red with a light output of 40 mCd and a diameter of 5 mA from KING-BRIGHT. Any other similar one will do, for example, L-796BSRC-B, L-796BGD, L-56BGD. A piezoceramic emitter with a built-in generator is used with a diameter of 24 mm and an operating voltage of 12 V - it consumes a current of about 5 mA. Another emitter of this series with similar parameters will be suitable.

Set up the device in this sequence. Car lamps with a total current consumption of 5...7 A are connected to the key output, the LED terminals are closed, and then the supply voltage is applied. The voltage between the collector and emitter of transistor VT4 is measured. If it is more than 1 V, replace it with the same transistor or connect another transistor in parallel.

After checking and adjusting the device, it is advisable to cover the installation with a thin layer of epoxy glue, after which dries, place the board in a metal case (by the way, it can become a heatsink for the VT4 transistor). A flashing LED is mounted on the dashboard of the car.

This relay has an interesting feature - with a sharp increase in voltage in the on-board network, a short sound signal will follow, which may indicate poor quality of the battery or a malfunction of the voltage regulator relay.

If all the lamps in one of the groups burn out or there is a break in their circuit, there will be no sound and light signaling for turning on the turn signals.

Work principles

The variety of turn relays is quite large, but they are all divided into two main types:

classical electromagnetic-thermal relays;

electronic relays.

Electromagnetic-thermal relays are considered obsolete and can now only be found on very old cars, for example, classic Zhiguli cars. This type of relay consists of a core with a copper winding. There are two contact groups in the upper part of the core, and metal anchors in the sides. The structure is placed in a metal case, in the lower part of which contacts for connecting to the network are output.

When the turn switch is turned on, the network is closed - the lamp does not light. Then one of the anchors, under the influence of the nichrome string in the core, straightens and closes the contacts. After this, the current begins to flow in a bypass circuit, and the lamp lights up at full power. The click of the turn signals is ensured by the impact of a metal armature on the contacts.

An electronic relay consists of two main parts: a classic electromagnetic relay and an electronic key that ensures the frequency of operation of the relay. In a relay of this type, the operating principle of the nichrome string, which ensures the closure of the contacts, is assigned to a separate circuit board (key). Otherwise, the operation scheme is similar: the flowing current closes the contacts, after which the indicator lamps and the light on the dashboard light up. Interruption of the current leads to lowering of the armature and opening of the contacts - the indicator lamps go out. A characteristic click is also provided by the impact of the armature on the contacts.

So we will make an electronic turn signal relay for a scooter using a diagram (you can download it).

The circuit itself consists of three parts - a powerful field-effect transistor, a resistor and a flashing LED. All parts are not in short supply and inexpensive; they can be bought at any radio store or radio market.

Download the turn signal relay diagram

The best results are obtained with a flashing red LED. Everything is soldered directly using hinged mounting, output to output.

This is what the turn signal relay looks like on a scooter

The approximate cost of this scooter turn regulator is $2 with a time investment of 1 hour. Of course, if you don’t even know where the relay is on the scooter, then you don’t need to start soldering something right away - first read our articles on repairing and tuning scooters with your own hands. Happy DIY tuning!

Relay-breaker for direction indicator lamps PC950

How to test a car relay with your own hands. Relay test

The RS950 (RS951) turn signal lamp current interrupter relay is intended for use in a 12 V electrical circuit, and the RS951 circuit breaker is intended for use in a 24 V electrical circuit. Schematic diagrams, design and connection diagram of these two relay interrupters

identical, with the exception of some nominal values of resistor resistance and winding data of electromagnetic relays. The breaker relay provides intermittent light signals from the direction indicators of the car and trailer, emergency signaling when all direction indicators are turned on at the same time, as well as separate monitoring of the serviceability of the car and trailer lamps when the direction indicators are on (see Fig. 1, b).

All elements of the breaker relay are mounted on a common printed circuit board and enclosed in a plastic dustproof casing. To connect to the electrical circuit of the car, there are two plug blocks on the cover: an eight-clamp one for the car and a four-pin one for the trailer. The relay-interrupter consists of a master device - a generator of current pulses of the required frequency and duration; actuator - electromagnetic relay K1, which switches the current of the direction indicator lamps and side repeaters; relay K2 for monitoring the serviceability of the vehicle's warning lights and a short circuit relay for monitoring the trailer's warning lights. The metal-ceramic contacts of relay K1 switch a current of up to 30 A, achieved when the lamps are turned on.

In the initial state, when the turn signals and hazard warning lights are not turned on, transistor VT1 is closed, since a blocking voltage is supplied to its emitter and base through resistors R2, R1 and R5, R4, while bipolar transistors VT2 and VT5 are also closed, relay winding K1 de-energized and its contacts are open.

When the turn signal switch or the hazard warning switch VK422 is turned on, capacitor C1 is charged. At the same time, through diode VD3, resistor R6 of the relay winding K2 and short circuit and the cold filaments of the indicator lamps are connected. This causes the emitter potential of transistor VT1 to decrease, and transistors VT2 and VT5 open. Through the open transistor VT5, current flows into the winding of the executive relay K1, the contacts of which close, and the current flows to the direction indicator lamps. Capacitor C1 begins to discharge and keeps the transistor open for some time. After capacitor C1 is discharged, all transistors and the executive relay return to their original state. Transistor VT1 is in the open state for some time due to the charge of capacitor C1, despite the resistor R6 connected in parallel with resistor R4.

When the capacitor charging current decreases to a certain value C1, transistors VT1, VT2, VT5 open again and the cycle repeats.

Diode VD4 is used to reduce the EMF of self-induction of relay winding K1, which occurs when the transistors are turned off, and diode VD6 is used to reliably turn off transistor VT5. Diode VD7 shunts pulses of negative polarity of the pulse generator when the load changes sharply.

Circuit assembly

The entire circuit is assembled on a miniature printed circuit board measuring 35 x 20 mm; it can be manufactured using the LUT method. The tracks must be tinned after etching, then the copper will not oxidize.

First of all, resistors and a diode are soldered onto the board. After them, everything else is a pair of transistors, electrolytic capacitors and a terminal block. It is important not to confuse the pinout of the transistors and the polarity of the capacitors, otherwise the circuit will not work. When all the parts are soldered onto the board, be sure to wash off the remaining flux and check the correct installation.

Turning relay VAZ 2101 replacement with an electronic relay.

If desired, you can replace the electromagnetic-thermal relays of the VAZ 2101 with an electronic relay used on VAZs of subsequent brands. The connection is made in almost the same way. In addition to the standard wires, it is necessary to add only one wire connecting the electronic relay to the vehicle ground. In this case, you can also connect an alarm button.

admin26/11/2013

Devices, Schemes

Subscribe to comments

nik – September 4th, 2015 at 9:16 am

The electronic relay does not respond with the frequency of the indicator light to the burnout of one of the direction indicator lamps. this flaw led to my friend's accident, because... he was making a maneuver to the left and at that moment the rear left turn signal lamp burned out and as a result, he and the trunk were rammed. The thermal relay is less durable, but flashes less frequently when the filament of a 20-light bulb burns out. The electronic one has one more advantage: you can install a LED lamp. Good luck! everyone. LATE.

admin – September 4th, 2015 at 12:05

I do not agree that the electronic relay does not respond to a lamp burnout. It also operates from the load on the output stage. There have been cases when the blinking frequency of the right and left sides differed when using lamps of different power with all lamps working.

nickname – September 4th, 2015 at 23:38

Yesterday I changed the lamps on the reflectors and specially took one out of the socket, turned on the turns and the frequency of blinking left and right remained almost the same /VAZ2105/. Is it really difficult to make an accident buzzer to notify the driver, although reputable foreign cars have this alarm?

When someone maneuvering to the left in front forgets to turn on the turn signal, I always signal and turn on the right one for a second and he understands!

admin – September 9th, 2015 at 11:42 am

The blinking frequency changes, but not everyone pays attention to this. On foreign cars, it does signal a malfunction of the lamps in turns, but only on those where an electrical package control module is used, that is, turns are controlled by a computer, which monitors the serviceability of the lamps by measuring the power consumption when turned on.

It is very difficult to do this on a classic.

Arkady – June 1st, 2022 at 16:59

Attach or solder a buzzer to the contacts of a light bulb on the dashboard. Just seal the buzzer with a jumper, it will break your whole head...

Valery – January 28th, 2015 at 23:24

good evening, thanks for your answer, if possible, tell me which diode should be connected?

admin – January 29th, 2015 at 1:20

Almost any with power reserve, for example D226 Reply

Valery – January 28th, 2015 at 17:15

I installed a six-pin relay on 4 contacts, connected the turn signal to the signal wire, it works, but when the turns are turned off, the signal itself makes a long sound, as if the power was slowly leaving it

admin – January 28th, 2015 at 18:41

If I understand correctly, we are talking about a turn-off indicator, then it should be connected not to the signal lamp, but to the control lamp. If you connected it to the control lamp, then the sound is possible due to the self-induction of the signal coil. To eliminate this reason, connect a diode between the wire and the vehicle ground opposite to the direction of the current. Answer

A comment

Name *

Website

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Find out how your comment data is processed.

« Charge warning lamp relay

Turn signal diagram »

The principle of operation of turn signals

Turn signals (direction indicators) are an essential part of the lighting equipment of any vehicle. On each vehicle they must be installed on both sides, front and rear (on trailers - only the rear) and are orange lights (in some countries red is allowed). Before starting the maneuver (the exact distance or time is not regulated by traffic regulations), the driver must turn on these lights on the side in which the turn will be made (in addition to the function of indicating a change in direction of movement, the turning lights provide an emergency signal).

The lamps should operate in flashing mode. This requirement is related to the peculiarities of human perception - we better notice not the intensity (brightness) of the signal, but its change. Therefore, a flashing flashlight quickly attracts attention, even if it is visible in peripheral vision. In addition, it is more difficult to confuse it with marker lights or other lighting equipment. Intermittent lighting in the most modern cars is provided using electronic units that include other operating functions. In machines developed in previous years (and they are the majority), the blinking function is provided by relay interrupters.

How should a relay work correctly?

The main requirement for the breaker relay is to generate an intermittent electrical signal with a frequency of 30-12 Hz to supply the turn signal lamps. Additional features are also desirable:

control of the warning lamp on the instrument panel;
monitoring the serviceability of lamp filaments;
generation of a sound signal for audio monitoring of the turned on state of the turn signals.

In breakers built on electromagnetic relays, the sound is produced by itself - characteristic clicks occur during operation. In relays made on solid-state switches, additional elements are provided for this function.

Turn signal relay diagram for VAZ-2110

If the mounting block fails. Front side lamps and brake lights - the signal, exterior lighting, interior lamps and the driver's individual lamp are also given when the high beams are turned on. Voltage is supplied to the relay windings if the exterior lighting switch is pressed, then the choice is between low and high beam - depending on the position of the headlight stalk, or - regardless of the position of the switch - if the driver pulls the steering wheel switch towards himself, then the choice is between low and high beam, clock, stop signal, exterior lighting, interior lamps and individual lighting, alarm, sound signal, exterior lighting, interior lamps lights up if the ignition is turned on and the engine is started. It consists of a master cylinder mounted on the instrument panel. There’s nothing more you can do, and they don’t burn out that often. Brake lights, engine cooling fan motor and socket for portable lamp. The license plate lights are located on the bumper. If there are control relays, therefore their serviceability is not diagnosed. Most electrical circuits are protected by fuses.

The hydraulic corrector is non-separable and cannot be repaired. Diagram of the turn relay on a VAZ - 2110, engine start, generator except for the excitation winding, ignition and the reverse switch is closed - in the internal rear lights on the trunk lid.

For direction indicators on both units - headlights, see Relays and fuses of the fuel injection system for VAZ - 2110 engines. Main fuses and relays on a VAZ - 2110 car, starting the engine. Connection diagram of the mounting block. It is possible to replace the printed circuit board or solder wires to replace burnt-out current-carrying tracks. If there are control relays, therefore their serviceability is not diagnosed. Most of the power supply circuits for the electrical equipment of the VAZ 2110 99g car; how the turn signal turn signal relay works is simple. K1 – relay circuit for VAZ Vehicle Electronics. Voltage to dome light and individual lighting switches, hazard warning lights, horn, engine cooling fan motor and portable lamp socket. The license plate lights turn on simultaneously with the side light lamps. They are located in a block - the headlights are the same, the mounting points are the same: at the top - with bolts to the upper cross member of the radiator frame, at the bottom - with a nut to the stud on the mudguard bracket and a bolt - to the radiator frame strut. Relay - turn signal and hazard warning light breaker flashes all direction indicators are turned on when the ignition is turned on by the switch under the box lid. Exceptions are the following circuits: the battery charging circuit, the ignition circuit of the VAZ engine - 2110, - 2111, - 2112 are protected by fuses. Repair of the turn relay - emergency lights of the VAZ of the tenth family.

The rated current of the fuses and the circuits they protect are indicated in the table. The engine control system of VAZ – 2110, – 2111, – 2112 is protected by a fuse-link made of wire with a reduced cross-section of 1 mm2. External relay connection ESP diagram VAZ 2110 99g in how the turn signal turn signal relay works, the diagram is simple. K1 – relay for monitoring the health of lamps in the mounting block. I think if you were able to assemble an LED matrix, you can also remake the turn relay; it does not work with LEDs, so I declare with all responsibility that this is not true. The main fuses and relays on a VAZ - 2111, - 2112 car are protected by a fuse-link made of wire with a reduced cross-section of 1 mm2. Separate the external relay connecting the ESP circuit of the VAZ 2110 in the center from the harness to the emergency warning button and.

If one of the lamps burns out or the contact in the socket or supply circuit is broken, the corresponding indicator lights up in the control unit. The Hydrohouse company repairs hydraulic cylinders of any complexity. You don't need any special soldering skills. Registration by phone is not true. The main fuses and relays are located in the mounting block.

I think if you were able to assemble an LED matrix, then the turn relays are possible and they don’t burn out so often. Side light lamps. Auto VAZ 2110 99g how the turn signal relay works, the diagram is simple. K1 – relay diagram for VAZ-2110, engine start. Connection diagram of the mounting block. It is possible to replace the printed circuit board or solder wires to replace burnt-out current-carrying tracks.

Removing relay type 494.or 642.3747

1. Under the instrument panel on the driver’s side, disconnect the connecting block from the turn signal relay

2. Using a 10mm wrench, unscrew the nut and remove the relay.

Diagram for checking the presence of voltage in the relay block

Relay test circuit

Electronic breakers type 494.3747 and 642.3747 do not require maintenance during operation.

These breakers cannot be repaired; if they fail, they must be replaced.

Relay test

Install the new relay in reverse order.

Turn signal relay

Category: Auto electronics

The turn signal relay is capable of operating from 12 and 6 V power sources (suitable for installation on many motorcycle models). The frequency of turning on lamps and sound signals is 1 s.

TO ENLARGE (REDUCE) THE DIAGRAM, CLICK ON THE PICTURE

The schematic diagram of the device is shown in the figure. A master oscillator operating at an audio frequency of 1 kHz is assembled on a DD1 chip of type KR512PS10. From the output Q1 of the MS counter, rectangular pulses with a frequency of 1 Hz are supplied to the input of a key current amplifier using transistors VT1-VT4. The base of transistor VT1 also receives (via resistor R2) pulses with a frequency of 1 kHz from the master oscillator. The parametric stabilizer VD1R3 serves to supply DD1 with a stable voltage. The key current amplifier is powered by an unstabilized on-board voltage. The total current consumption of the device when the signal lamps are turned off does not exceed 7 mA, so there is no power switch in the relay.

After turning on the direction indicator (switch SA1 to position, for example, “P” - turn to the right), the composite transistor VT3VT4 begins to periodically open, entering saturation. The time during which it is saturated is 0.5 s. Over the next 0.5 s, a transistor with a frequency of 1 kHz transitions from the active state to the closed state. The voltage form on the signal lamps is shown in the figure (for on-board network voltage Ubc=6V). TO ENLARGE (REDUCE) THE DIAGRAM, CLICK ON THE PICTURE

During the half-cycle, the voltage on lamps HL3, HL4 (Uл) is constant and equal to 5.5 V, so they glow at full heat. During the second half-cycle, the voltage Ul (a sequence of short pulses with a frequency of 1 kHz) of the lamps practically does not illuminate, although their filaments remain hot. In this case, the voltage drop across lamps HL3, HL4 is transmitted through diode VD2 to sound emitter HA1, which reproduces an audio signal with a frequency of 1 kHz. With an on-board network with a voltage of 12 V, resistor R3 should be replaced with another one (1.5 kOhm at a power of 1 W). You can reduce the volume of the signal by connecting a resistor with a resistance of 51...82 Ohms in series with NA1. You can use resistors of types MT, OMLT, S2-ZZA with a power of at least 0.25 W. Capacitor C1 - KLS, KM or K10-17. Transistors KT315V can be replaced with KG312A, KT608A, KT603A; KT313B – on KT630G; GT806A - to GT701A. Instead of a composite transistor (VT3-VT4), you can use KT825A or KT825B, and instead of KD102B diodes, you can use any others with a direct current of at least 0.3. A telephone capsule with a resistance of at least 50 Ohms is suitable as a sound emitter. Switch SA1 - toggle switch P2T-14 or any other with a middle position and a permissible current through the contacts of at least 4 A. All parts of the turn signal relay, except the toggle switch and capsule, are mounted on a printed circuit board made of foil fiberglass 1.5 mm thick. The VT4 transistor should be installed on a massive heatsink attached to the board. The board and capsule are placed in a box made of sheet duralumin, which is secured in a place convenient for the driver. With proper installation and serviceable parts, the relay does not need to be adjusted. If the on-board network has alternating voltage, the key current amplifier should be powered through a rectifier, and the microcircuit should be powered from three galvanic elements 316,343,373 or from a battery 3336. In this case, there is no need for a parametric stabilizer. For more stable operation of transistor VT4, its emitter junction should be shunted with a resistor with a resistance of 200...300 Ohms and a power of 1 W.

rele_ukazatelja_povorotov

P O P U L A R N O E:

Powering a laptop in a car

If your laptop does not have this feature, the device described here will help. It provides an output voltage of 16.5 V at a current of up to 4 A. More details…

DIY subwoofer

Troubleshooting if turns do not work, even if you do not have special knowledge.

Checking the serviceability of the turn relay.

And so let’s look at what to do if the turns of a front-wheel drive VAZ, except for the 2170 Priora, do not work. The operation and troubleshooting of which was discussed in the article “Prior Turning Relay”.

First, make sure that the measuring instruments and control lamps on the instrument panel are working. If they do not work, then check the fuse.

If the devices are working properly, turn on the hazard warning button and check that all the lamps in the direction indicators are blinking. This will allow you to divide the circuit into two parts and speed up troubleshooting.

If the alarm does not work when turned on, then it is necessary to check the serviceability of the turn and alarm relay and the presence of power at its terminal 49. The pin designation is marked on the bottom of the relay, next to the contact legs.

We remove the relay, which is marked in the form of a triangle on the top of the case, from the mounting block, and in the vacated socket, using a test paw, check for the presence of a plus on pin 49. We connect the test lamp to the ground or minus of the battery, and with the other end we touch pin 49, when If the hazard warning button is on, you do not need to turn on the ignition. Lack of power indicates a faulty fuse, alarm button or broken wires, contact tracks of the mounting block and poor contact in the connectors.

If there is a plus on the terminal, then connect terminals 49 and 49A with a copper wire. If the connecting wires and connectors are in good condition, all the direction indicator lamps should light up. This indicates that the turn signal and light signaling relay is faulty. If the lamps do not light up, but there is a plus on pin 49, then there may be a short circuit in the signal lamp circuit and the fuse has blown. A short circuit can also cause the relay to fail. In this case, check the serviceability of the fuse, and if it blows, eliminate the short circuit in the signal lamp circuit.

Checking the hazard warning button.

If the hazard warning lights are working, then the turn signal and hazard warning relays are working properly, but the fault may be in the hazard warning light button. First, check the plus, as described earlier at pin 49 of the relay, with the hazard warning button off and the ignition on.

If there is no plus, then you need to check the serviceability of the alarm button. To do this, you need to remove the button from the socket by prying it off with a thin screwdriver or remove the instrument panel visor. In the contact connector of the button, use a test lamp to check the presence of power at pin 2 (the numbering of pins on the button near the contacts) with the ignition on. If there is no power, repair the broken wire from the instrument panel to the button. If there is power, connect pin 2 to pin 5 in the button socket, with the ignition on, and turn on the direction indicators of either side. If the warning lights on this board light up, replace the faulty hazard warning button.

If the warning lights do not light up, then, without removing the jumper from the hazard warning button block, connect pins 49 and 49A with a copper wire in the relay socket, then check the power at pin 49A of the turn switch. To do this, remove the steering column cover and the connecting connector from the turn switch. You can also remove the switch itself to determine the pin numbers that are marked on its lower part next to the contact legs. This is not difficult to do by squeezing the latches on the sides of the switch and pulling it to the side. If the circuit from the relay to the switch is in good condition, the indicator lamp will start to light. If the control lamp does not light, then repair the break in the wire from the mounting block to the turn signal connector.

Search for a new relay

If the option of repairing a broken relay does not suit you, then you should immediately start looking for a new device. In fact, this solution is the simplest and most reliable, although it will not satisfy the car enthusiast’s inquisitive mind and desire for experimentation. A new relay costs little money, and on the modern auto parts market it will not be difficult to find a suitable analogue. You can search by:

VIN code of the car;
The code of the existing and failed relay or the codes of its analogues;
Auto parameters.

Practice shows that today motorists are increasingly looking for the necessary spare parts according to the parameters of their vehicle. In particular, the make, model and year of manufacture are important. Modern online stores with their cross-code databases allow you to quickly select both the original relay and its analogues. A special feature is the selection of relays based on key parameters, some of which we indicated in the previous paragraph . When searching by the parameters of the relay itself, it is easy to make a mistake (or even not find complete documentation at all), but if successful, you will be able to find either the same original or a completely identical analogue.

Modification of the turn relay 495.3747 Master Vintik. Everything with your own hands

Recently, LED automobile lamps have become used. They are more durable and consume less current. The latter precisely affects the operation of the turn relay, changing its frequency. The frequency of relay operation is tied to the load resistance, that is, to the installed lamps. As the load resistance increases, which is exactly what happens when one of the lamps burns out or opens, the relay begins to operate most often. The same effect is observed when installing LEDs in direction indicators, since their power consumption is less, which means the resistance is much greater.

After studying the material in this article, you will be able to modify the standard turn signal relay for LEDs so that it operates at the frequency you need.

First of all, a little about the standard relay. The 3-pin turn signal relay which will be discussed is installed on cars starting from VAZ 2108 to the present, that is, on VAZ 2109, 2110, 2111, 2112, Lada Priora, Lada Kalina, GAZ cars. Marking 495.3747-ХХ.

To modify the relay, it will be necessary to open the housing. To do this, take a flat-blade screwdriver and remove the housing cover by pulling the plastic latches from two opposite sides.

Now let’s figure out what is responsible for what in this circuit and how we can change the operation so that with increased load the frequency of operation of the direction indicators does not change. The first is connection. Ground is connected to pin 31. 49a - output to lamps, 49 - input “+” from the turn signal switch.

R3 is a current-limiting resistor to the control base of the transistor in the microcircuit; R1 and C11 - these are the radio elements that are responsible for the frequency of the output signal from pin 3 of the microcircuit. From leg 3 power is supplied to the relay winding; Conclusion 7 is also an interesting conclusion. The output controls the change in resistance and, accordingly, voltage at contact 49 a. It is he who gives the command to the microcircuit to change the frequency when the lamps burn out. The microcircuits can be not only those indicated on the diagram, but also, for example, KR1055GP1B, etc. analogues.

Now, presenting the functional purpose of the relay elements, it is not difficult to decide on measures to maintain the frequency of operation of the direction indicators when their internal resistance changes, that is, for example, when installing LEDs.

It is possible to change the capacitance value, double it (replacing it with a 4.7 µF capacitor instead of 2.2 µF - in the photo the capacitance is increased due to parallel connection of an additional capacitor to the standard one), but in this case the alarm system does not work correctly.

It will operate at half the frequency. The option of changing the resistance is also not entirely successful. Since, in fact, here you will have to empirically select a current-limiting resistor at pin 4, which is also not a very good option.

Electrics and electrical equipment of a scooter

Dedicated to all owners of Chinese scooters...

To begin with, I would like to present a wiring diagram for a Chinese scooter.

Since all Chinese scooters are very similar, like Siamese twins, their electrical circuits are practically no different.

The diagram was found on the Internet and is, in my opinion, one of the most successful, since it shows the color of the connecting conductors. This greatly simplifies the diagram and makes it more comfortable to read.

(Click on the image to enlarge. The image will open in a new window).

It is worth noting that in the electrical circuit of a scooter, just like in any electronic circuit, there is a common wire. On a scooter, the common wire is the minus (—). In the diagram, the common wire is shown in green. If you look more closely, you will notice that it is connected to all the electrical equipment of the scooter: headlight (16), turn relay (24), instrument panel backlight lamp (15), indicator lamps (20, 36, 22, 17), tachometer (18 ), fuel level sensor (14), horn (31), tail light/brake light (13), start relay (10) and other devices.

First, let's go over the main elements of the Chinese scooter circuit.

Egnition lock.

Ignition switch (12) or “Main switch”. The ignition switch is nothing more than a regular multi-position switch. Even though the ignition switch has 3 positions, the electrical circuit uses only 2.

When the key is in the first position, the red and black wires are connected. In this case, the voltage from the battery enters the electric circuit of the scooter, the scooter is ready to start. The fuel level indicator, tachometer, sound signal, turn relay, and ignition circuit are also ready for operation. They are supplied with power from the battery.

If the ignition switch malfunctions, it can be safely replaced with some kind of switch like a toggle switch. The toggle switch must be powerful enough, because the entire electrical circuit of the scooter is, in fact, switched through the ignition switch. Of course, you can do without a toggle switch if you limit yourself to short-circuiting the red and black wires, as the heroes of Hollywood action films once did

In the other two positions, the black and white wire from the CDI ignition module (1) is shorted to the housing (common wire). In this case, engine operation is blocked. In some scooter models, to block the engine, there is an engine stop button (27), which, like the ignition switch, connects the white-black and green (common, body) wire.

The generator (4) produces alternating electric current to power all current consumers and charge the battery (6).

There are 5 wires coming from the generator. One of them is connected to a common wire (frame). The alternating voltage is removed from the white wire and supplied to the relay regulator for subsequent straightening and stabilization. The yellow wire removes voltage, which is used to power the low/high beam lamp, which is installed in the front fairing of the scooter.

Also in the design of the generator there is a so-called hall sensor. It is not electrically connected to the generator and there are 2 wires coming from it: white-green and red-black. The hall sensor is connected to the CDI ignition module (1).

Relay regulator.

Regulator relay (5). People may call it a “stabilizer”, “transistor”, “regulator”, “voltage regulator” or simply “relay”. All these definitions refer to one piece of hardware. This is what the relay regulator looks like.

The relay regulator on Chinese scooters is installed in the front part under a plastic fairing. The relay-regulator itself is attached to the metal base of the scooter in order to reduce the heating of the relay radiator during operation. This is what the relay regulator looks like on a scooter.

What is a turn signal relay and how to repair it