One of the most popular motorcycles in our country is Minsk. They started producing it back in the Soviet Union, and it still hasn’t lost popularity. This is due to the excellent combination of reliability, power and maneuverability. Unfortunately, despite all of the above, it also has disadvantages. But folk craftsmen have learned to bypass these nuances. Below we will look at how tuning a Minsk motorcycle is done, and we will also figure out how to paint a Minsk motorcycle. This is also a fairly common job.
Flaws
First, let's figure out what shortcomings the motorcycle has, this will allow us to decide what needs to be improved first. In general, many problems are typical for domestic motorcycles, and when tuning sunrise 3m they are faced with the same problems.
The main disadvantages of the motorcycle are as follows:
- Low-power engine. The most powerful engine is only 13 hp;
- On the earliest models, the placement of the crankshaft bearings was unsuccessful;
- Poorly designed clutch;
- Weak brakes.
These are the main disadvantages of Minsk. In general, it is worth noting that all of the above can be eliminated with your own hands, significantly improving the performance of the motorcycle.
M-106 engine diagram
1 - cylinder head; 2 - cylinder; 3 - piston; 4 — piston pin; 5 — piston pin retaining ring; 6 — connecting rod; 7 — crankshaft oil seal; 8 — crankshaft bearing; 9 — bearing retaining ring; 10 — spacer sleeve; 11 — left half of the crankcase; 12 — motor transmission chain; 13 — segment key; 14 — washer; 15 - nut; 16 — driving gear; 17 — oil dipstick; 18 — gear shift pedal; 19 — clutch; 20 — ratchet gear of the trigger mechanism; 21 — input shaft bearing; 22 — left crankcase cover; 23 — thrust washer of the trigger mechanism; 24 — kickstarter oil seal; 25 — trigger shaft; 26 — kickstarter lever; 27 - screw; 28 — trigger sector spring; 29 — centering pin of the left cover; 30 — fork axis; 31 — shift fork for 1st and 3rd gears; 32 — gear shift disc; 33 — pedal return spring; 34 — adjusting screw; 35 - lock nut; 36 — right crankcase cover; 37 — shift fork for 2nd and 4th gears; 38 — plug screw; 39 — right cover plug; 40 — drive gear of the main gear; 41 — clutch adjusting screw; 42 — spacer sleeve; 43 — gearbox seal; 44 — secondary shaft bearing; 45 — gearbox oil seal housing gasket; 46 — hole for lubrication of the right crankshaft bearing; 47 - generator; 48 — outer seal of the bearing of the right crankshaft journal; 49 — gasket of the oil seal housing; 50 - right half of the crankcase; 51 — cylinder gasket; 52 — nut M7x1 of the cylinder stud; 53 - spark plug.
Engine tuning
Probably every motorcyclist is a fan of dynamic riding, but the Minsk motorcycle is not particularly designed for this. Therefore, first of all, owners strive to modify the engine. You can easily add a couple of horsepower here.
Typically, cylinder boring is used for this. This way you can increase the compression ratio, and, accordingly, the engine power. Let's take a closer look at how this is done:
- The block is ground down by 1.5 mm, the lower edge of the block head is also ground down, also by 3 mm. The motorcycle cylinder is being modified on a lathe;
- Increase the size of the outlet and inlet openings;
- Install new valves, better than those made in Japan;
- The piston is being modified. They take a standard piston and fit it to the modified engine. If you do not have a special lathe, or you are not entirely confident in your abilities, then it is better to give the engine to an experienced lathe.
After such processing, the engine will receive an additional 1-2 hp. But, it is worth considering that it will be more demanding on nutrition; here it needs to fill with gasoline with an octane number of at least 92.
Design and technical characteristics of a Minsk motorcycle engine
Minsk is a Belarusian Soviet-era motorcycle, distinguished by its strict classic design.
However, with the economic downturn at the Belarusian plant, engineers had to cut the budget and use cheaper materials, which led to the deterioration of the design and its adjustment to general standards. The rather simple design of the Minsk motorcycle engine and the possibility of its modification allowed the Belarusian machine to participate in sports motorcycle competitions and circuit racing. In 1961, a 23 hp A feature of this motor was the ability to boost, which added about 9 kW to the performance.
In general, the Minsk motorcycle engine, the technical characteristics of which allow it to carry heavy loads, has a simple design and convenient maintenance. However, for all its popularity, like any Soviet motorcycle, repairing the Minsk motorcycle engine took up most of its owner’s time.
Ignition system
The standard Minsk ignition system does not always successfully cope with its tasks. Therefore, it makes sense to carry out the revision carefully and carefully. Just like with Izh Planet 5 tuning, here they primarily work with the ignition timing.
The model has a good generator, as well as contactless ignition with an electronic switch. But, there is no possibility to change the advance angle depending on the operating mode of the moped engine. Therefore, it is recommended to install a device that forms the angle depending on the need at a given time.
You can buy it in a store; a part from any motorcycle with a similar volume will do. The connection is not complicated, so there shouldn't be any problems. The use of such a device allows you to change the ignition timing depending on engine speed. This approach significantly improves engine efficiency and also increases its power.
Modification of a standard cylinder
The best solution is tuning the Minsk 125 motorcycle with modifications to its standard cylinder. First of all, it is necessary to eliminate possible displacements of the purge and bypass windows. The purging of the fuel mixture in a two-stroke engine depends on their correct position, which directly affects the acceleration dynamics, efficiency and top speed. To do this, excess metal is removed from the liner, previously removed from the cylinder, using a mechanical or hand tool. All work involves raising the window by 2 mm, boring the radius of the curves and rounding the sharp edges. Such internal tuning of the Minsk motorcycle can increase the number of maximum revolutions by 1000.
Read also: Gas fuel consumption rate 27527
Exhaust system
This element must be modified if the engine has been tuned. The problem arises due to the fact that the standard muffler is not designed for increased exhaust gas pressure.
As a result, in certain operating modes, the motorcycle engine begins to choke. Optimal mufflers were installed on a motocross motorcycle, but it is now almost impossible to purchase such a part. Such versions have not been produced for more than 20 years, and therefore spare parts for them have not been produced either.
You can make a high-quality muffler yourself. To understand how to make it yourself, let's look at how it works. Using a muffler of a certain shape allows you to create reverse draft. It allows the remaining combustible mixture to be sucked into the engine. A resonator is used for this.
You can make this detail yourself. On the Internet you can find a large number of formulas by which calculations are made. It is important to remember the basic rule - the size of the resonator directly depends on the power of the motor. This kind of motorcycle tuning in Minsk allows you to achieve maximum efficiency and engine response.
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Intake system
But, maximum engine power is impossible without proper tuning of the intake system. It is this that creates the optimal combustible mixture. First of all, we replace the original exhaust valve.
Instead, they install a petal from any foreign motorcycle. It is recommended to grind the inlet hole. Be sure to install another carburetor. It is recommended to use Japanese analogues with a diffuser of 26-28 mm. The air filter should have minimal resistance.
Reduced intake losses
The engine is the main component of any vehicle. For motorcycles, it is the power unit that provides the basis for the design and shape of the frame and suspension characteristics. Boosting the engine is the main operation of tuning a motorcycle, both as a whole and for individual components. The purpose of boosting is to increase engine power.
One way is to reduce intake losses. The first barrier to air supply is the air filter. As a rule, the original air filter on the Minsk is paper, less often nylon or metal. It would be superfluous to clarify that the throughput of such filters leaves much to be desired.
Foam-based air filters used on foreign motorcycles have become widespread. Such filter elements have minimal resistance to air at the inlet, while having good cleaning characteristics. To reduce vibration and noise levels of the air inlet, a receiver is installed between the carburetor and the filter - a container (usually made of plastic) with a volume approximately 10 times larger than the cylinder.
External tuning
Drivers often wonder how to paint a motorcycle. In general, this is also tuning. It is better not to change the color radically, just apply different designs. This way you can be guaranteed to avoid problems with traffic police officers. Be sure to install a windshield and protective arches.
This not only improves safety, but also significantly increases travel comfort. Alloy wheels are often installed. They have a more beautiful appearance, increasing the attractiveness of the motorcycle. Another type of tuning that is often found is making the lights brighter. In fact, it's not worth doing this.
It will not be possible to significantly increase the illumination of the road, but the load on the generator will increase. Therefore, think about whether you are ready to regularly repair the generator for the sake of a little brighter light.
Previous entry Technical characteristics of the Minsk motorcycle
Next entry Izh Jupiter 3 - technical specifications, review
Improving the quality of the air-fuel mixture
The formation of the air-fuel mixture in this vehicle occurs in the carburetor. To reduce losses, at this stage the jets and diffuser surface are polished. This kind of tuning of the Minsk motorcycle can be done with your own hands using thick, rigid thread and Goi paste. The amount of fuel mixture entering the cylinder depends on the diameter of the diffuser.
A significant increase in maximum speed can only be achieved by replacing the carburetor. In the 90s, Japanese carburetors, produced at that time in India, were installed on the Minsk. With proper adjustment, the motorcycle accelerated more dynamically and had greater traction at low speeds.
When setting up a carburetor, the parameters specified in the instructions should serve only as a starting point, but not as reference values. Any carburetor is customizable. An important detail is the tightness of the contacting planes: the carburetor and the adapter. The tightness of the connection significantly affects the life of the engine.
Making a frame for use in the work of mounted implements
Attachment frame drawing
1 — hook (steel, sheet s5, 2 pcs.);
2 — spar (steel pipe, 2 pcs.);
3 — main cross member (steel pipe 1/2″);
4 — additional crossbar (steel angle 50x50x5);
5 — socket for mounted implements (made of steel strip 50×6 mm, 3 pcs.);
6 — locking unit of the mounted implement (M10 nut, welded, 3 pcs.);
7 — scarf (steel, sheet s5, 2 pcs.);
8 — stiffener (steel strip 300x20x5, 2 pcs.);
9 — bracket (steel threaded rod M12);
10 — U-shaped bracket for fixing the frame of mounted implements on the walk-behind tractor.
The frame was made with the ability to quickly install and dismantle it. The hooks, designed as a support adapted for attachments, are fixed in the working position using conventional shaped bolts, with the participation of L-shaped locking elements made of a metal strip.
The U-shaped comb device additionally fixes the frame in operating mode and in standby mode. Implements are installed using nesting recesses oriented to standard risers found on tractor cultivation devices.
A small box can be mounted on the former seat bars of the motorcycle frame, which will be used as a container for transporting small loads up to 0.5 quintals.
Muffler for homemade walk-behind tractor
Muffler drawing
1 — outlet pipe (from the Minsk motorcycle);
2 — bracket (St3, strip with a section of 20×5);
3 — flange (Steel 25);
4 — fasteners (M4 screw, 6 pcs.);
5 — body (from the Minsk motorcycle);
6 — gas passage pipe (a piece of pipe from the Ural bicycle frame) with 4 gas passages and 4 mounting holes;
7 - plug (Steel 25).
The muffler for the homemade walk-behind tractor based on the Minsk motorcycle was also made by hand. The body was the pipe of a standard muffler. The rolled end of this pipe was straightened using a piece of pipe used as a template. Also, to reduce noise pollution, an insert with an outlet tube was used, made by hand. Screws marked M 4 were used as fasteners.
The driver's former right footrest served well to support the outlet pipe. To do this, a bracket was attached to this step by welding, and a hole with a diameter of eight millimeters was drilled in it. The dimensions of the bracket and its location in relation to the outlet pipe were adjusted to the location.
