Payment for goods and downloading of the book in electronic form (PDF format) is made on the website.
To do this, you need to find the book you are interested in and click on the “Buy” button. The price of the book is indicated on the button.
For convenience, the price on the website for residents of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan is presented in rubles.
For residents of Ukraine in hryvnias, and for all other countries - dollars.
After clicking on the “BUY” button, a payment window will open where you can select a payment system with which you can pay for the selected book using any bank card (Visa, MasterCard, MIR, etc.)
When you click on the “Pay by bank card” button, the Portmone payment system will open, which is the easiest way to make a payment.
In addition, the website offers four payment systems for payment:
- Yandex (payment from any bank cards, Yandex Money account, QIWI Wallet, terminals, etc.);
- Portmone (payment from any bank cards, Portmone account);
- PayPal (payment from any bank cards, PayPal account);
- WebMoney (payment from any bank cards, payment from WebMoney wallets).
Payment via Yandex Cashier
After selecting payment via Yandex, the Yandex Cashier payment system will launch, where you need to select a convenient payment method (bank card, QIWI, Yandex Money account, etc.)
After specifying payment details and confirming payment, payment for the goods will occur.
If you have a bank card in a currency other than the ruble, then the money will be debited from the card at the rate of the Central Bank of Russia at the time of the purchase.
This payment method is optimal for residents of Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus.
Official website of the Yandex Kassa payment system https://kassa.yandex.ru
Tuning motor
Why it is so important to engage the clutch at higher speeds on forced engines can be seen in the diagram. The use of racing exhaust systems, for example, increases peak power, but shifts the peak to higher rpm. But because of this, a failure occurs at low speeds.
The blue line shows a typical standard motor. It engages the clutch at approximately 4500 rpm. Maximum power of 4.5 hp is achieved at 7000 rpm. We call this point peak power rpm. The standard engine maintains a power of 4-4.5 hp on a very long “shelf” of revolutions of 5000-8000. The red curve shows the engine with a racing exhaust system and extended valve timing. The power of 8-9 hp here is achieved in a narrow speed range (8000-9500), but at the same time it is 2 times higher than that of a standard engine! Up to 5000 rpm, the standard engine has 1 hp more power than the tuning one. To overcome this failure, they make the clutch engage at 7000 rpm.
We hope that it is now once again clear that it is one thing to get an increase in peak power, and another thing to implement it correctly.
Payment via Portmone
After selecting payment through Portmone, the payment system will launch, where you need to select the payment method: bank card or Portmone account.
The price in the Portmone payment system is converted into dollars at the exchange rate of the Central Bank of the country where you are located.
If you have a bank card in a currency other than the dollar, then the money will be debited from the card at the rate of the Central Bank of your country at the time of the purchase.
After specifying payment details and confirming payment, payment for the goods will occur.
Official website of the Portmone payment system https://www.portmone.com
Major clutch failures
Clutch adjustment must be made if:
- The clutch is slipping. This happens when the engine is turned on by the foot starter, as a result of which the moped does not start.
- The moped begins to move at the moment when the clutch is depressed, first gear is engaged and the pilot begins to accelerate;
- When you engage a higher gear and press the gas pedal to the floor, you hear a strong roar of the engine, its speed increases, however, the speed of the moped does not increase.
Payment via PayPal
After selecting payment via PayPal, the PayPal payment system will launch, where you need to select the payment method: bank card or PayPal account.
If you already have a PayPal account, then you need to log into it and make a payment.
If you do not have a PayPal account and you want to pay using a bank card via PayPal, you need to click on the “Create an Account” button - shown with an arrow in the picture.
PayPal will then prompt you to select your country and provide your credit card information.
After specifying the information required to make the payment, you must click on the “Pay Now” button.
Official website of the PayPal payment system https://www.paypal.com
Working principle of automatic centrifugal clutch
As you know, the clutch is designed to connect and disconnect the engine and the drive wheels. When the clutch is engaged, the engine and wheels are connected, and the engine transmits torque through the transmission to the wheels. When the clutch is disengaged, the engine and wheels are disconnected, the engine continues to operate, but no torque is transmitted to the wheels. To connect the engine and wheels (via a gearbox), the clutch uses friction. Clutch discs or pads, rigidly attached to the engine shaft, are pressed against the gear disc and begin to rotate it using friction. In a mechanical (manual) clutch, powerful springs are used to press and create friction force.
This clutch is normally always engaged. To release the springs and disengage the clutch, you need to press the hand lever.
An automatic transmission uses centrifugal forces to press the pads down and create friction. When the engine is idling, the automatic clutch is always disengaged. The pads, rigidly mounted on the engine shaft, simply slide along the transmission disk, because the friction force is too small. Moreover, they are kept from contact with the disk and springs. As the engine speed increases, the centrifugal force increases, the pads begin to press harder against the transmission disc, the friction force increases, and torque begins to be transmitted from the engine to the transmission and further to the wheels. At the same time, the friction force increases smoothly, therefore the torque also increases smoothly. This explains the soft operation of the automatic clutch, because it is a kind of shock absorber for transmitting torque.
Most scooters have a chain drive from the gearbox to the drive wheel
This is how the clutch on a scooter works. But the transmission consists of more than just the clutch. Not a single engine in the world is capable of turning the drive wheel in one rotation of the crankshaft. In order for the wheel to make one revolution, the engine rotates the crankshaft several times. To ensure this, a gearbox is used in the scooter's transmission. Usually this is a pair of gears. The small one is rotated by the engine and turns the large gear, which transmits torque to the wheel. That is, for the large gear to turn once, the small one will turn along it several times. The ratio of the diameters of these gears is called the gear ratio of the scooter.
Most scooters have a chain drive from the gearbox to the drive wheel. The chain fits on two sprockets. The drive sprocket is located in the engine. The driven sprocket is located on the wheel. In this case, the gear ratio is the ratio of the diameter of these sprockets.
However, some manufacturers or tuning enthusiasts install a rear axle on a scooter. In this case, the gearbox is not located in the engine, but in the rear axle.
The gear ratio is changed not only by gearboxes, but also by the gearbox. In modern engines, a variator is used for this. It allows you to smoothly change the gear ratio smoothly and without jerking. It is this part of the transmission (variator) that the electric starter rotates when starting. However, electrics may not always work. The wiring or generator may fail, and the electric start will be unavailable. Then Kickstarter will help. The kickstarter device on a scooter is based on the use of muscle force. The kickstarter lever is connected to a gear sector, which, when you sharply press the lever with your foot, rotates the variator, and through it the engine.
The transmission is not only made up of the clutch.
Payment via WebMoney
After selecting payment via WebMoney, the payment system will launch, where you need to select the payment method: bank card or WebMoney wallet.
If you already have a WebMoney wallet, then you need to log into it and make a payment.
If you do not have a WebMoney wallet and you want to pay in another way, you need to select any of the methods that WebMoney offers and make the payment
After specifying payment details and confirming payment, payment for the goods will occur.
Official website of the WebMoney payment system https://www.webmoney.ru/
Downloading a book
After successfully completing the payment (by any method) and returning to the KrutilVertel store from the payment system website, you will be taken to the successful payment page:
On this page you need to indicate your e-mail, where access to download the book will be sent.
If you are already registered on our website, then simply follow the link to your personal account.
The book you purchased will be in your personal account, from where you can always download it.
Please note that after making the payment, you need to return back from the payment system website to the KrutilVertel website.
If for some reason you did not return back to the site and closed the payment system tab with a message about the successful completion of the payment, please let us know - we will send you a letter indicating access to download the book.
Step-by-step moped clutch repair
Adjusting the clutch is a labor-intensive process, however, not that complicated. Even a beginner can handle this. So, in order to adjust the clutch, you need to follow several steps sequentially and carefully.
Place the moped on the central leg;- Find the chrome engine cover, which is located on the right side, and unscrew it;
- When the cover is removed, the adjusting screw and locking nut will be accessible;
- First, you should slightly loosen the lock nut, after which, using a slotted screwdriver, you should unscrew it until it can rotate freely and unhindered;
- Now you need to tighten the adjusting screw until it hits an obstacle and begins to tighten with light force. This position is correct;
- Now there is nothing left to do but secure this bolt from turning with a screwdriver;
- After this, tighten the locknut;
- Find the bolt on the clutch cable and tighten it until it stops. This way the clutch relaxes;
- After completing this procedure, you should bring in the moped and engage first gear. At the same time, do not forget that the moped remains on the central leg so that the rear wheel is suspended. The wheel will begin to spin;
- Now you need to find a position that will allow you to stop the spinning wheel with your hand or boot while pressing the clutch. If the wheel can be stopped in this way, then the work of adjusting the moped’s clutch is completed. If the wheel continues to spin and cannot be stopped, then you should follow the step described below;
- The location of the adjustment screw needs to be changed. To do this, you will need the same screwdriver as one of the tools.
- When the desired result is obtained and the wheel can be stopped by hand or boot, you need to tighten the lock nut and return the chrome cover;
- The final step is to unscrew the bolt located on the clutch cable until the clutch handle has a free play of 1 cm.
Problems when paying with bank cards
Sometimes difficulties may arise when paying with Visa/MasterCard bank cards. The most common of them:
- There is a restriction on the card for paying for online purchases
- A plastic card is not intended for making payments online.
- The plastic card is not activated for making payments online.
- There are not enough funds on the plastic card.
In order to solve these problems, you need to call or write to the technical support of the bank where you are served. Bank specialists will help you resolve them and make payments.
That's basically it. The entire process of paying for a book in PDF format on car repair on our website takes 1-2 minutes.
If you still have any questions, you can ask them using the feedback form, or write us an email at [email protected]
Types of clutch
The clutches of absolutely all vehicles work on the same principle - a friction force acts on several driving or driven disks, which allows the vehicle to move.
So, the moped clutch is divided into two types:
- dry.
- wet, i.e. those that require an oil bath to operate.
In addition, clutches are also divided by the number of driven discs:
- single-disc or double-disc;
- multi-disc.
As a rule, the first version of the disc clutch is always dry. But for the multi-plate clutch to operate, an oil bath is required, which is also common to the gearbox.
