Removal and installation of crankshaft, bearings and oil seals Voskhod

Description

Motorcycle engine Voskhod 3M single-cylinder, two-stroke with a volume of 173.7 cubic centimeters. The cylinder diameter is 61.7 millimeters. The piston stroke is 58 millimeters. The maximum power in kilowatts is 9.9, and in horsepower it is 13.5. The cylinder, piston, crankshaft and main bearings are lubricated with gasoline and oil. Engine oil is poured into the box and clutch and checked with a dipstick.

Voskhod-1 | Moto-Kovrov

"SUNRISE"

Carrying out the party's directives to introduce the achievements of scientific and technological progress, Kovrov motorcycle builders began to create a more modern machine. The designers sought to bring the model under development closer to the best foreign models. And they achieved it.

On October 12, 1964, the Voskhod spacecraft was launched - the world's first multi-seat vehicle - with a crew consisting of cosmonaut-pilot Komarov, designer Feoktistov and doctor Egorov. The propaganda effect of the new achievement of Soviet science and technology was colossal. And employees of the SKB motorcycle manufacturing plant named after V.A. Kovrov. Degtyarev, who were just then developing a new motorcycle model, did not puzzle over what to call it. Of course, "Sunrise"!

The Voskhod motorcycle model was designed in 1964, and began its journey to the consumer with the release of a pilot batch of 298 pieces at the end of 1965. Factory designer Leonid Avgustovich Zveryuga managed to create a memorable, integral look - without resorting to copying foreign designs. Before this, “Voskhod-1” (as the motorcycle was listed in the technical documentation) was tested in competitions with foreign motorcycles.

The 1965 motor rally was held in Germany in Nuremberg on the Nurburgring track, where the riders arrived without breakdowns or delays. Here the factory motorcyclists achieved success, winning the FIM prize - “Horse in the Race”.

Then a performance in 1966 in France.

Later, performing at the 1968 motor rally in Italy, the Kovrov team took an honorable second place and received the Monaco Cup prize.

According to the competition conditions, the team covered the path from Kovrov to Perugia on motorcycles.

A motorbike rally was also organized to places of military glory along the route Kovrov - Moscow - Minsk - Brest - Kyiv - Kovrov.

The motorcycle under the new trademark “Voskhod” was based on events such as; improving the appearance, increasing the performance of the motorcycle, increasing reliability and durability, eliminating defects that occurred on the previous model.

The team of workers and engineers was awarded a gold medal by the VDNH exhibition committee for their creative work.

Engine

The engine retained the basic design - single-cylinder, two-stroke, short-stroke (61.75x58.0 mm = 173.7 cm³), but thanks to an increase in the compression ratio, a change in the outlet angles of the purge channels and a decrease in the intake tract resistance, the maximum power increased from 9.5 to 10 liters .With. at 5300 rpm. At the same time, the maximum speed of the motorcycle increased from 85 to 90 km/h, and fuel consumption decreased by 0.1 liters per 100 km. The engine of the Voskhod motorcycle was equipped with a modernized gear shift mechanism, which made it possible to reliably record the engagement of the corresponding gear. For the gearbox, special mounting dimensions for the gears were calculated using a compensation washer installed at the left input shaft bearing, instead of the one installed on the previous model at the main gear. The rubber covers for the reverse gear had special flaps that closed two technological holes in the right half of the crankcase, the third technological hole was closed with a rubber plug. These measures prevented the access of dust, dirt and water to the reverse gear chain and thereby increased its service life. The new design of the breather became sealed - in it the crankcase cavity was connected through a PVC tube to the receiver of the suction noise muffler. This design prevented dust, water and dirt from entering the crankcase.

The air purification system has been changed. The receiver, which simultaneously serves as an intake noise silencer, was connected by two rubber pipes to the air filter housing, and not one as was the case on the previous model. The filter element, instead of a metal mesh, was made of elastic polyurethane foam, resulting in improved air purification. The air filter consisted of a housing and a cover, which were made of nylon, as well as a metal grille and a filter element impregnated with motor oil mixed with gasoline.

The carburetor cover was shaped differently from the previous model.

Electrical equipment

On the motorcycle, instead of the G-401 generator, a new G-411 generator was installed, the power of which was 10 watts higher. The G-411 generator had a new capacitor with a capacity of 0.25 microfarads. This generator ensured uninterrupted sparking in the range of 350-6000 rpm, significantly improved road illumination and increased the lighting characteristics of signal devices. There was a special output from the generator stator for the brake light.

A special B-300 ignition coil was designed for the new generator.

Instead of the FG-38V1 headlight, a new FG-138 headlight was installed.

The headlight rim received a visor, a new diffuser design and a headlight lamp with filaments of the same power were also used. These changes reduced the possibility of burnout of headlights and taillights and ensured good asymmetric illumination of the road.

The FP-66 rear light of the previous design was obsolete and did not meet the aesthetic requirements of that time. Therefore, a new design taillight with a plastic housing was installed on the Voskhod. It had two lamps, one of which worked as a signal and illuminated the license plate, and the second was intended for the brake light. In the right tool box, two M5 screws were used to secure the brake light switch, driven by a spring from the foot brake pedal.

The rear light wire had a plug connector, instead of being connected with a screw and nut through terminals.

To improve appearance, the switch base, lever and signal button were made of cream-colored plastic, and the metal body was painted with ivory enamel.

Crew part

On the previous model, the side closures had a rubber wrapping cord secured with nine galvanized rings; later, a wide ivory-colored polyvinyl chloride cord was used.

The modified design of the closures allowed the use of a new profile of ivory-colored PVC wrapping cord. The appearance of the motorcycle has improved significantly.

The newly designed folding seat provided easy access to the air filter and pump, mounted in brackets on the seat frame.

The new seat cushion has increased its elastic properties and improved ride comfort for both driver and passenger.

The shape of the new two-tone seat cover (red top, black bottom) has significantly improved the appearance of the motorcycle in terms of aesthetics. A new ivory colored PVC passenger handle was attached to the seat using two M6 screws. The designers also strengthened the frame structure, increasing the diameter of the front and top tubes from 32 to 34 mm.

The main changes in the design of the front fork were that a nylon reflector was installed in the springs, which prevented oil from leaking out when the fork was activated through the breather holes in the plugs.

The new Voskhod fuel tank received nigrips (knee pads) of a new shape, an ivory-colored polyvinyl chloride edging covering the weld seam, a new logo in the form of a horizontal arrow made of white plastic and the inscription “Voskhod” made of brown plastic.

All these measures significantly improved the appearance and fully met the aesthetic requirements of that time. The fuel tank plug was made of ivory-colored plastic.

Using two racks fixed in the area of ​​the headlight and the upper yoke, and four special brackets, a windshield made of organic glass was installed on the motorcycle.

Taking into account numerous requests from consumers, a small trunk with an estimated load of 15-18 kg was installed on the new model.

The steering wheel brackets had a different appearance.

The control knobs were installed with a new design and were made of elastic light rubber that did not stain your hands.

The “lamb” type damper head and the enrichment shifter were made of a more durable MCH material, ivory-colored.

To prevent dirt from getting on the driver's clothes, the motorcycle was equipped with knee guards made of black or white nylon.

The front wheel hub cap has been redesigned for easier polishing.

The design of the base of the front wheel brake pads was changed, for the convenience of processing the outer surface of the base; the support bracket for the front brake cable sheath was removable and secured with an M6 bolt.

The short brackets for fastening the rear shield on the yoke handle were replaced with elongated chrome ones, which, in addition to improving the appearance, significantly reduced the vibration of the rear shield and thereby eliminated the possibility of transverse cracks. The yoke handle on the new model was missing.

The round driver and passenger footpegs have been changed to more modern square ones.

Instead of painting, the wheel hubs, front and rear brake bases were polished and glossed.

Instead of galvanizing, the following were coated with chrome: front and rear brake levers, foot brake pedal, chain tensioners, brackets and control levers for the clutch, decompressor and front brake, front fork oil seal housings, throttle handle housing, throttle handle mushroom, as well as a number of fastening parts: bolts, screws, nuts and washers.

For the first time on the Voskhod motorcycle, a rear view mirror was installed on the left handlebar.

The bushings of the front fork casing, made of TsAM alloy, were replaced with nylon ones, which eliminated the unpleasant “rattling” of the casings.

All specific parts and assemblies: fuel tank, front and rear wheel guards, closures (side and top), tool box covers, front fork casing, upper and lower traverses - before coating were thoroughly cleaned to a glossy surface according to standards, then phosphated, primed and painted with synthetic enamels, followed by polishing and glossing to a mirror surface. The headlight was supplied by a related company in black. Motorcycles were painted black and blue.

In 1967, to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Great October Revolution, a limited batch of motorcycles was assembled.

On the front fender of these motorcycles there was an aluminum flag with the image of a “hammer and sickle” and the inscription “50 years” on a red background.

This batch of motorcycles was painted red. Knee pads were installed in cream-colored metal.

The number of motorcycles assembled is unknown.

In 1969, another limited edition (anniversary) was released to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the birth of V.I. Lenin.

On the front fender of these motorcycles there was an aluminum flag with the inscription “1870-1970 Jubilee” on a red background.

The anniversary party was also painted red. Metal knee pads were painted ivory.

The number of motorcycles assembled is unknown.

Both batches of motorcycles were produced of excellent quality in export versions.

From 1965 to 1972 1,039,484 Voskhod motorcycles were assembled.

Motorcycles collected for the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution and the 100th anniversary of Lenin can be viewed in the private museum of Nikolai Tubaev.

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Engine diagram Voskhod 3m

1 – spark plug A23; 2 – cylinder head; 3 – cylinder head gasket; 4 – cylinder; 5 – piston ring; 6 – piston; 7 – piston pin; 8 – needle bearing; 9 – cylinder gasket; 10 – connecting rod; 11 – bearing lubrication channel; 12 – ball bearing; 13 – right crankshaft oil seal; 14 – right main crankshaft journal; 15 – generator; 16 – movable gear of the second gear; 17 – primary shaft with gear; 18 – main gear; 19 – gearbox and clutch housing; 20 – clutch release rod; 21 – pin of the clutch release mechanism; 22 – gearbox oil seal; 23 – reverse gear sprocket; 24 – generator cover; 25 – crankcase (right half); 26 – gear shift shaft; 27 – crankcase (left half); 28 – trigger shaft; 29 – trigger spring; 30 – trigger sector; 31 – trigger gear; 32 – trigger ratchet; 33 – kickstarter shaft oil seal; 34 – kickstarter shaft oil seal cap; 35 – kickstarter lever; 36 – gear shift lever; 37 – clutch disc; 38 – adjusting screw; 39 – internal clutch drum; 40 – leading clutch disc; 41 – outer clutch drum; 42 – left main crankshaft journal; 43 – front drive sprocket; 44 – chain PV-9.525-1300; 45 – clutch cover; 46 – left crankshaft oil seal; 47 – ball bearing; 48 – bearing lubrication channel.

Source

Voskhod clutch device

A motorcycle clutch is a mechanism designed to temporarily disconnect the rotation transmission from the crankshaft to the gearbox and further along the chain to the wheel. By squeezing the lever on the left half of the steering wheel, we break the connection of this chain. By releasing, the reverse action of connection occurs. It is desirable that the work be carried out without sudden jerks. This helps to start the movement smoothly. It is also necessary for changing gears, braking, and stopping the motorcycle.

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Main characteristics of Voskhod 3 M

The technical characteristics of the “Voskhod Z M” are pleasantly pleasing, allowing you to take walks both on the highway and on country roads.

Length of base from wheel to wheel, 1.3 meters

Motorcycle bearings "Voskhod" 3, 3M, 3M-1, 3M-2

Brief information. Voskhod-3 (1979) - differs from its predecessor in a different gas tank (holds 2 liters more fuel), intake system, rear shock absorbers with increased energy capacity (located at an angle of 12° to the vertical, providing a wheel travel of 105 mm). Modernized brakes were used (the diameter of the brake drums was increased from 125 to 160 mm), wheels, a G-427 generator (rated voltage 7V), and an improved saddle. Maximum speed 105 km/h, dry weight 125 kg.

Voskhod-3M (1983-1993) The cylinder fins have an increased cooling surface. Some engines were equipped with Czechoslovak-made carburetors. 12-volt electrical equipment was installed, an FG-137B headlight with a “European beam” diffuser, and a new rear light with side reflectors. Above the headlight there is a block of control devices made of plastic: ignition switch, speedometer, indicator lamps for direction indicators, low and high beams. In addition, an anti-theft lock was installed. The front shock absorbers received corrugated rubber covers. "Voskhod-ZM" was equipped with a wear indicator for the brake linings of both wheels. The motorcycle received a new profiled front wheel guard, a kickstarter lever with a folding pedal instead of a solid one, folding driver's footrests, and two rear-view mirrors. Maximum speed 105 km/h, dry weight 122 kg. On the basis of this model, the production of the Voskhod-3M Krokha tricycle was organized; the body had a load capacity of 200 kg. Speed ​​80 km/h, rear gearbox borrowed from the Ant scooter

Voskhod-3M -tourist (1985) - The motorcycle received a new sports-type steering wheel with a jumper, roll bars, two rear-view mirrors, tourist equipment (rear trunk with side sections, side bags made of artificial leather, a tablet bag on the fuel tank). The motorcycle has new inscriptions on the tank and tool box lids, stickers are made of lavsan film. Maximum speed 105 km/h, dry weight 125 kg.

Voskhod-3M-01 (1989) A new engine with a reed valve was installed on the old chassis. The modernized engine featured a cylinder with a five-channel scavenging and one exhaust port (the Voskhod-ZM model has two channels). An intake reed valve reduced fuel consumption to 4.2 l/100 km. Power increased to 15 hp. at 6000 rpm, maximum torque up to 1.7 kgf m at 5500 rpm. The engine has one muffler. The motorcycle's handlebars became wider and received a crossbar. The piston skirt is enlarged.

Bearing table

See also:

• Bearings KamAZ - 4310 (catalog 2004)
• Bearings VAZ 2107
• Bearings Gas-3301
• Bearings Z-135.
• Bearings SB-640A, SB-640M, SB-640MD, “Buran”
• Bearings Dnepr-12
• Bearings Zil-130
• Bearings motorcycle ZiD "Owl"
• Bearings ZiD-36 “Ptah”

A little magic

Although it is difficult to turn the Voskhod bike, even with the most modern tuning, into something more modern and super-powerful, nevertheless, true fans of the series still do not lose hope and tune each one in their own way. In numerous photos of “Voskhod 3 M” you can see the following modification options:

1. closer to the “sport” class:
   raising the rear shock absorbers;
2. change the exhaust elbow, moving it a little higher and replace the pipe diameter with a larger one;
3. allows you to increase power;
4. a variation of the “chopper” can be seen in the video “Voskhod 3 M”:
   the rear is lowered, the fork and wheel are replaced with wide options;
5. change the angle of the front fork;
6. cylinder covers are dressed in chrome;
7. change the steering wheel to a “Chopper” one, and also do not forget about the instrument panel, headlights and tires;
8. changing the air filter to foam elements gives the engine a boost;
9. Don't forget about aerodynamics.

Tuning the Voskhod 3M motorcycle: photo and video details

The concept of tuning a motorcycle means modifying its structure or design in order to improve its technical characteristics (from the owner’s point of view). And tuning the Voskhod motorcycle is a great opportunity to put your planned improvements into practice, even in an ordinary garage. Any technically competent motorcycle enthusiast can easily do tuning of Voskhod 3M with his own hands. The lack of information about the types of do-it-yourself sunrise tuning can be easily compensated on the Internet using search queries: sunrise 3m tuning video, sunrise 3m tuning photo, do-it-yourself sunrise tuning photo.

Tuned Voskhod 3M

There are external and internal tuning of a motorcycle. And the tuning of the Voskhod 3M motorcycle is a clear confirmation of this. Tuning Voskhod at home is very easy to do; as a rule, internal tuning Voskhod is a rework of the engine, improvement of driving parameters, suspension and brakes. A common external tuning of the Voskhod consists of giving the motorcycle a sporty style or converting it into a chopper.

Tuning Voskhod 2M Internal tuning of a motorcycle According to technical characteristics, the motor of Voskhod is designed for optimal V = 70 km/h. For this reason, among motorcyclists, tuning the Voskhod engine is practiced. In order to increase engine thrust, the factory paper air filter is replaced with foam filter elements. This will reduce air friction at the inlet. Then you can polish the jets and diffusers with an abrasive material, the diameter of which determines the amount of fuel entering the engine. Engine Voskhod 3M

In order to modernize the fuel intake system, a new, improved carburetor is installed. The flanges for fastening to the cylinders are taken from the standard pipe, aluminum bushings are machined, and the mating flange is cut off from the inlet pipe. A second flange is used from the old carburetor. Then, using “cold welding”, all the parts are connected. The design is adjusted to perfectly match the intake channels. Internal gaps are filled with epoxy glue.

Photo of carburetor Voskhod 3M

Tuning the Voskhod 3m motorcycle is very popular among bike owners, such as raising the shock absorbers or installing adjustable rear shock absorbers, installing sports tires instead of the factory ones. Tuning the motorcycle will give it a more aggressive, sporty look.

Voskhod 3M motorcycle External tuning of the Voskhod 3M motorcycle was developed in the Soviet era and its appearance reflects the traditions of that time.

In order for the appearance of the Voskhod 3M to reflect the individuality of its owner in our time, tuning the motorcycle is necessary: ​​beautiful, sporty, cross-country.

Motorcycle Voskhod 3M_02

The low seating position and high front forks suggest tuning the bike in a sporty style. In order to give the Voskhod bike a sporty look, 3M tuning will primarily consist of raising the rear shock absorbers and replacing the exhaust pipe elbow. This ensures that the location of the exhaust pipe matches the level of the rear axle. The design of the motorcycle will be improved and the traction of the motorcycle will be increased by installing exhaust pipes of increased diameter.

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External tuning of the Voskhod 3m motorcycle can consist of painting, chrome plating, replacing the factory knee protection with nickel-plated arches, installing large rearview mirrors and a stepped seat, as well as tuning the wheels.

Sunrise 3

External tuning of a motorcycle will not be complete without installing a sports fairing. In addition to aesthetic benefits, its installation will improve the aerodynamic qualities of the bike. And this, in turn, will have a positive effect on its efficiency and power.

Windshield for motorcycle Voskhod

Motorcycle tuning for chopper

For the Voskhod 3M motorcycle, tuning for a chopper involves trimming or purchasing shortened rear shock absorbers. This replacement will help lower the rear of the bike by up to 7 cm. The rear fork and wheel are replaced with wider ones. The angle of inclination of the front fork axis changes. The cylinder covers are equipped with chrome plated cups. Instead of the factory steering wheel, a stylish chopper-style steering wheel is mounted. In the same style, tuning of the headlight, rear lights and dashboard is performed.

Tuning the Voskhod 3M motorcycle for a chopper

Tuning a motorcycle for a cafe-bike

You can do Tuning Sunrise under a cafe racer with your own hands at a reasonable cost. For example, you can independently weld the rear part of the frame, shorten the fork, make mounting brackets for attachments (headlights, speedometer, etc.), trim and fit other parts. It is also quite possible to make the steering wheel and seat yourself. The headlight and brake light are installed from the truck.

Tuning the Voskhod 3M motorcycle as a cafe racer

Self-tuning Voskhod, the price of which will depend only on purchased parts, is quite affordable for most motorists due to the simplicity of the design and the low cost of spare parts. This applies to all modifications of Voskhod. For an old Voskhod 2M motorcycle, tuning will mean a second youth, and Voskhod Owl tuning can add exclusivity features to the latest model from the factory.

Motorcycle tuning Voskhod video

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