Plant named after Degtyarev: more than 100 years guarding the Fatherland

Degtyarev plant

Plant named after V. A. Degtyarev

(Russian: ОАО Plant named after V.A. Degtyarev, romanized: ОАО Plant named after V.A. Degtyarev, English: Open joint-stock company "Plant named after V.A. Degtyarev") or
ZiD
is one of the most important enterprises for the production of weapons and Vehicle. From Russia .

Plant named after Degtyarev is a subsidiary of Rostec.

ZID 50 “Pilot”

Was released in 1995. It was equipped with a fairly powerful two-stroke fifty-cc engine. The lightweight moped turned out to be very powerful, and could reach a speed of 50 kilometers per hour while consuming only 2 liters of fuel per hundred kilometers.

The three-speed gearbox was integrally connected to the engine. Four years later, a model with a raised front wing was released. And later the plant pleased us with the powerful ZiD-50-01 motorcycle, equipped with a Lifan engine; this model used a semi-automatic clutch.

Based on the ZID 50 “Pilot” model, the ZDK-2.404 cargo truck was later produced. It was three-wheeled and weighed only 112 kilograms. All technical specifications were the same as the previous model. Fuel consumption was 3 liters per hundred kilometers. The already well-known Lifan engine was installed on it. The model was complemented by a rear differential.

Since 2000, the plant has produced ZID 50-01 “Active”. There were no significant differences from previous models. A fairly powerful Chinese-made Lifan engine was used. The model was distinguished by a beautiful and stylish plastic body kit, similar to the trim of cruisers.

In the service of the Fatherland

Since the 1950s, the Degtyarev Plant has mastered a new class of weapons - rocketry. In particular, these are missiles for anti-tank and anti-aircraft mobile systems “Shmel”, “Fagot”, “Malyutka”, “Strela”, “Igla”. The development of small arms for the army, special forces, tanks, aircraft and ships continued. Information on some projects is still classified.

Today, the plant’s workshops produce products whose level is widely known abroad. Kovrov produces weapons for the armies of dozens of countries around the world. These are, first of all, the Igla portable anti-aircraft missile system, the Kornet-E long-range anti-tank missile, the RPG-7V2 hand-held anti-tank grenade launcher, the 3UBK20 round with the 9M119M guided missile. For aviation equipment, high-speed double-barreled guns GSh-30 and GSh-23 are produced. The production of the large-caliber (12.7 mm) Kord machine gun and sniper (12.7 mm) rifle continues the best shooting traditions of the plant.

ZiD is actively developing robotic technologies. Relatively recently, the combat robots “Soratnik” and “Nerekhta” were tested. On their mobile, highly cross-country base, you can install a variety of modules: rifle, reconnaissance, medical, transport. Such remote-controlled mobile robots can both fire at enemy positions and carry out reconnaissance, adjustments and delivery of cargo to the battlefield. At the same time, such an armed robot is capable of moving even on difficult roads; it is not afraid of sand, mud and mountainous terrain.

Despite its considerable age - 103 years - production in Kovrov does not stand still: the plant is developing, its capabilities are increasing, and technologies are improving. The legendary traditions of domestic weapons in this century are continued by a new generation of gunsmith designers at the Degtyarev Plant.

ZID – 36

It was a tiny motor scooter, which was also foldable. This made it possible to transport it in the trunk of a car and store it on the balcony of a high-rise building. The model was equipped with a powerful engine and reached speeds of up to 35 kilometers per hour. The ZID-36 existed from 1997 to 2007, but turned out to be economically unprofitable and was discontinued.

Legendary weapon of Victory

From the very beginning, the main business for the plant in Kovrov was the production of automatic small arms. But slowly the enterprise switched to civilian footing. Already in the 1930s, the plant produced a variety of consumer goods: from parts for gramophones to spare parts for agricultural machinery, in particular for the first domestic tractors. An important area was the creation of metalworking machines both for our own needs and for other enterprises.

But the war made its own adjustments - weapons and ammunition were again a priority. During the harsh war years, the plant in Kovrov worked at its maximum capacity: many men went to the front, women and children took over the machines. This did not stop the production of hundreds of different weapons every day. In total, during the years of the Great Patriotic War, the plant staff transferred to the front more than 1 million 200 thousand units of small arms and automatic artillery weapons for all branches of the military.

Degtyarev anti-tank rifle

Some weapons were created in record time. In 1941, Leningrad was under siege, and fascist tanks were advancing towards Moscow. The Army needed an effective and reliable anti-tank rifle. Degtyarev received the task to urgently design and begin production of such weapons. The government task was completed - the gun was created in 22 days. Also, in record time, in just three months, it was possible to master its mass production. On August 29, 1941, the Degtyarev PTRD anti-tank rifle was put into service and helped fight tanks on the first line of defense.

During tense wartime, the plant in Kovrov continued to create new weapons that the country needed so much. By the end of 1941, production of PTRS anti-tank rifles of the Simonov system began here. The original 7.62 mm SG-43 heavy machine gun with a metal cartridge belt was created by designer Goryunov. And the creative duo Shpagin-Degtyarev designed a powerful large-caliber machine gun (12.7 mm) DShK. The most popular Soviet automatic weapon was the legendary PPSh-41, a submachine gun developed under the leadership of Shpagin.

ZID 50 "Arkan"

The first model of a domestic scooter, released in 2000. The advantages of the model include:

• chassis from a moped ZID – 50 “Pilot”;
• powerful battery;
• indicators of fuel level, low oil quantity;
• separate lubrication system

This model differed from foreign ones in the presence of a three-speed gearbox. It was mechanical, not CVT. However, it was precisely because of this detail that the scooter was not in demand, although it was sold very inexpensively.

Later, scooter models with an engine capacity of 50 liters were released. These included “Nika”, ZID-50 “Arkan” with a CVT, ZID KM.

Links[edit]

1. “Rating of systems of Russian companies by volume of product sales.” RA expert. Archived from the original on October 28, 2022. Retrieved October 28, 2022.
2. ^ B s d e https://www.rbc.ru/companies/id/766.
3. "List of Affiliates". OJSC "ZiD" Retrieved October 4, 2017.
4. "OJSC" High precision systems (High precision complexes). Archived from the original on March 23, 2015. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
5. "Russian Defense Business Directory". Federation of American Scientists
   .
   U.S. Department of Commerce Bureau of Export Administration. May 1995. Retrieved July 21, 2022. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
6. "Modern firearms - RGS-50M". modernfirearms.net
   .

ZID 50-05 or ZID Lifan 50

Later, the ZID 50-05 model was produced at the Degtyarov Plant. It was a licensed copy of the famous Lifan 50 scooter . The Russian model was similar to its Chinese counterpart. Its main advantages include:

• powerful four-stroke Lifan 1P39FMA engine;
• air cooling of the engine;
• weight not exceeding 82 kilograms;
• strong plastic casing that is not subject to mechanical stress and corrosion;
• large bright headlight;
• presence of a passenger seat;
• the presence of spacious trunks for storing things and equipment located under the driver’s seat and dashboard;
• presence of a glove compartment for documents and small items, locked with a key.

The features of the ZID 50-05, like the Chinese scooter Lifan 50 , usually include:

• a soft saddle that allows you not to get tired from a long journey;
• alloy wheels for wheels;
• easy to read dashboard;
• comfortable seat for the passenger;
• the presence of handles that the passenger can hold on to.

ZID 50-05 and Lifan

50 were famous for their:

• small size;
• ease of control;
• increased maneuverability;
• high level of security.

Lifan 50 scooter model and its Russian copy are suitable for beginner motorcyclists. Driving them does not require special knowledge, skills or training.

The Lifan 50 scooter is a high-quality and fashionable model of scooters that has reached a high level of popularity in the world. ZID 50-05 was also in demand because it was of high quality and quite cheap.

From Madsen machine guns to Fedorov machine guns

Armaments in the Russian Empire were produced mainly at state enterprises. However, the fighting on the fields of the First World War revealed a shortage of simple and reliable automatic weapons in the tsarist army. In 1915, the government allowed private firms to manufacture products for the army. The merchant Lurie and General Gippius took advantage of this opportunity: together with entrepreneurs from Denmark, they decided to found an arms factory in the town of Kovrov in the Vladimir province. On August 27, 1916, construction began on the first buildings of the enterprise - the future Degtyarev Plant. This date is considered to be the plant’s birthday.

It was decided to produce samples of machine guns from the Danish gunsmith Madsen under license. However, the enterprise did not have time to reach full capacity. The events of October 1917 interfered with the plans, and the owners decided to completely close production.

To save the arms factory that the country needed, the government sent a talented designer Vladimir Fedorov to Kovrov. Having taken up his duties in 1918, he managed to restore the work of the enterprise and set up production of 2.5-line automatic machines of his own design. The experimental workshop was headed by Fedorov’s student, the outstanding designer Vasily Degtyarev.

In 1921, Vladimir Fedorov founded the country's first design bureau for the development of automatic weapons at the Kovrov plant. Kovrov becomes the center of the small arms design school in the USSR. Such famous gunsmiths as Shpagin, Simonov, Goryunov and others grew up and became successful here.

Vasily Degtyarev with his light machine gun

In the mid-1920s, Fedorov moved to machine gun control, and Degtyarev became the head of the enterprise. He continued work on the development of the plant, was able to turn the production workshops into a large machine-building enterprise, and Kovrov, along with Izhevsk and Tula, became one of the three weapons capitals of the country. Two decades later, in 1949, the enterprise was named after Vasily Degtyarev.